"Preferentially, the superior division of the vestibular nerve is affected, which leads to involvement of the superior (anterior) and horizontal semicircular canals 9, however, both divisions can also be affected concurrently 7. Viral infections are thought to be the commonest causes of acute unilateral vestibulopathy, with bacterial infections being much less common. The most common viral cause of acute unilateral vestibulopathy is herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) 2, but other implicated viruses potentially include measles, rubella, mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, and varicella/herpes zoster."
"MRI with contrast is sometimes requested in order to exclude other causes of sudden onset dizziness and vertigo such as stroke (especially AICA territory strokes) and brain tumours, especially in the elderly. However, typically the MRI is normal in acute unilateral vestibulopathy."
"AICA territory ischaemic stroke 9"
"the HINTS examination (Head-Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) variants can clinically aid in differentiating from stroke, with high sensitivity but lower specificity 10"
Expected headings
"Complications"
"After recovery of the symptoms, balance and dizziness disorders can last for several months in some patients."
"Corticosteroids, antiemetics and vestibular physiotherapy are standard supportive measures of care 2. No antiviral or antibacterial therapy is usually necessary. Recurrence is rare and most patients will show full recovery."
"Preferentially, the superior division of the vestibular nerve is affected, which leads to involvement of the superior (anterior) and horizontal semicircular canals 9, however, both divisions can also be affected concurrently 7. Viral infections are thought to be the commonest causes of acute unilateral vestibulopathy, with bacterial infections being much less common. The most common viral cause of acute unilateral vestibulopathy is herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) 2, but other implicated viruses potentially include measles, rubella, mumps, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, and varicella/herpes zoster."