"Adnexal torsion has an increased incidence throughout pregnancy and the post-partum period, but especially between 10-17 weeks gestation, related to persistent corpus luteum cysts.Adnexal torsion has been observed in the fetus."
"Adnexal torsion has an increased incidence throughout pregnancy and the post-partum period, but especially between 10-17 weeks gestation, related to persistent corpus luteum cysts.Adnexal torsion has been observed in the fetus."
"Over 85% of cases are associated with ovarian enlargement (5-30 cm) due to a mass or cyst(s) caused by:"
"T1: may show a thin rim of high signal intensity (methaemoglobin) 29"
"T2: may have low signal due to interstitial haemorrhage 30"
"T1 C+ (Gd): reduced or no contrast enhancement 26,27"
"The term adnexal torsion is preferable to ovarian torsion because a portion of the fallopian tube is commonly torted along with the ovary. The term adnexal torsion also encompasses rarer entities that do not affect the ovaries such as isolated torsion of the fallopian tube and torsion of paratubal, broad ligament and paraovarian cysts."
"The term adnexal torsion is preferable to ovarian torsion because a portion of the fallopian tube is commonly torted along with the ovary. The term adnexal torsion also encompasses rarer entities that do not affect the ovaries such as isolated torsion of the fallopian tube and torsion of paratubal, broad ligament and paraovarian cysts."
"Adnexal torsion has an increased incidence throughout pregnancy and the post-partum period, but especially between 10-17 weeks gestation, related to persistent corpus luteum cysts.Adnexal torsion has been observed in the fetus."
"unusual ovarian location e.g. anterior or posterior to the uterus, or a change in position"
"Doppler findings in torsion are variable:"
"ectopic pregnancy: positive beta HCG"
"Adnexal torsion occurs when the ovary rotates around its supporting ligaments, twisting and compressing the accompanying blood vessels and lymphatics."
"Patients typically present with sudden, severe pelvic pain, either intermittent or sustained. Often patients report similar episodes during the previous month. Sometimes there is a history of vigorous activity. Confusingly, pain can radiate to the flank, groin and back. Tenderness may be focal, diffuse or not apparent."
"Patients typically present with sudden, severe pelvic pain, either intermittent or sustained. Often patients report similar episodes during the previous month. Sometimes there is a history of vigorous activity. Confusingly, pain can radiate to the flank, groin and back. Tenderness may be focal, diffuse or not apparent."
"The ovary is mobile, suspended by the infundibulopelvic (suspensory) and utero-ovarian ligaments. The ovary has dual blood supply, primarily from the ovarian vessels in the infundibulopelvic ligament, and these anastomose with uterine artery branches in the utero-ovarian ligament. Torsion occurs when the ovary twists around these ligaments. Lymphatic, venous and arterial obstruction varies according to the number and tightness of the twists. Lymphatic and venous occlusion causes central ovarian oedema which further compromises arterial inflow. Haemorrhagic infarction can follow within hours."
"twisted vascular pedicle may be apparent as a layered “whirlpool” structure between the uterus and ovary comprising fallopian tube, mesosalpinx and vessels ref"
"A necrotic ovary may involute, bleed or become infected leading to abscess formation or peritonitis."
"Long-term complications include pelvic pain, adhesions and tubal infertility."
"mass (e.g. cyst or mature teratoma)"
"Urgent surgery is indicated to prevent ovarian necrosis. The appearances at surgery can be misleading; a non-friable blue/black ovary may regain function over time. Oophoropexy will prevent recurrence."
"an ovarian mass presenting with severe pain is suspicious for torsion; masses are rarely painful otherwise"
"ovarian masses cause thinning of the ovarian tissue; smooth or eccentric thickening of ovarian tissue around a mass is suspicious for torsion"