"Pre-procedural assessment"
"unrecognised failure to select the adrenal vein."
"The Australian and New Zealand AVS Working Group recommends for AVS that is not stimulated by ACTH infusion, an SI >2 is an acceptable cut off for successful adrenal vein cannulation 5. Regarding ACTH stimulated AVS however, an SI of greater than >5 was recommended although is is acknowledged that some authors consider an SI >3 to be satisfactory."
Expected headings
"Indication"
"Pre-procedural assessment"
"Complications"
"Assessment of success"
"If unilateral, the adrenal gland can be removed; thus curing secondary hypertension in 50 to 80% of the cases that are caused by aldosterone-producing adenoma while the remaining cases show improvement in hypertension treatment 1. If bilateral, the hypertension is better controlled medically with aldosterone antagonists 1."
"venous sampling from each adrenal vein and peripheral source (e.g. femoral vein)"
"other complications include groin haematoma, vasovagal response, intraprocedural back pain, infarction, adrenal vein thrombosis and perforation, hypertensive crisis, and adrenal insufficiency 1"