"collagen disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 5."
"Valsalva manoeuvre"
Expected headings
"Plain radiograph and CT"
"Fluoroscopy"
"Herniation is normally prevented by the parietal pleura and the endothoracic fascia which is reinforced by the suprapleural membrane (Sibson fascia), derived from the deep cervical fascia and attaching to the transverse process of T1 2,4. The scalene muscles provide dynamic support; subclavius and sternocleidomastoid contribute to structural integrity."
"Surgical repair is indicated for incarceration, tracheal or oesophageal compression, T1 neuralgia or for cosmesis 2,4."