"Technical considerations "
"if there is no central access, contrast can be injected via the pre-oxygenator port"
"Preserved left ventricle function causes mixing of non-enhanced antegrade blood flow with contrast-enhanced retrograde flow in the proximal aorta. This can cause preferential enhancement of left arm and neck vessels6 and mimic dissection1."
"Preserved left ventricle function causes mixing of non-enhanced antegrade blood flow with contrast-enhanced retrograde flow in the proximal aorta. This can cause preferential enhancement of left arm and neck vessels6 and mimic dissection1."
"When attempting CTPA, contrast may be preferentially aspirated by the ECMO circuit with the right heart delivering minimal contrast to the pulmonary circulation, leaving pulmonary arteries un-opacified. Decreasing ECMO flow rates, increasing contrast volume and delaying scan time are possible solutions5."
"Preserved left ventricle function causes mixing of non-enhanced antegrade blood flow with contrast-enhanced retrograde flow in the proximal aorta. This can cause preferential enhancement of left arm and neck vessels6 and mimic dissection1."
"When attempting CTPA, contrast may be preferentially aspirated by the ECMO circuit with the right heart delivering minimal contrast to the pulmonary circulation, leaving pulmonary arteries un-opacified. Decreasing ECMO flow rates, increasing contrast volume and delaying scan time are possible solutions5."
"NB: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design 1-5. The specifics will vary, each department will have stringent well-written guidelines to ensure these examinations are completed safely per local policy."
"Venovenous (VV) ECMO"
"Venoarterial (VA) ECMO"
"The injection will be through a pressure-rated central line. The blood flow should be reduced to the lowest possible (and safest) setting."
"The contrast will be injected via the ECMO circuit and will require the blood flow to be increased to the highest possible (and safest) setting."
"Preserved left ventricle function causes mixing of non-enhanced antegrade blood flow with contrast-enhanced retrograde flow in the proximal aorta. This can cause preferential enhancement of left arm and neck vessels6 and mimic dissection1."
"When attempting CTPA, contrast may be preferentially aspirated by the ECMO circuit with the right heart delivering minimal contrast to the pulmonary circulation, leaving pulmonary arteries un-opacified. Decreasing ECMO flow rates, increasing contrast volume and delaying scan time are possible solutions5."
Expected headings
"Technical considerations "
"Venovenous (VV) ECMO"
"Contrast delivery"
"ECMO blood flow"
"Venoarterial (VA) ECMO"
"Contrast delivery - antegrade blood flow"
"ECMO blood flow"
"Contrast delivery - retrograde blood flow"
"ECMO blood flow"
"Venoarterial ECMO radiographic pitfalls"