"Pre-CABG evaluation"
"graft kinking can cause graft occlusion."
Expected headings
"Types of coronary artery bypass grafts"
"Saphenous vein grafts"
"Internal thoracic artery grafts"
"Other arterial grafts"
"Radiographic work up"
"Pre-CABG evaluation"
"Re-operative cardiothoracic surgery"
"Non-graft related surgical complications"
"Saphenous vein grafts were the earliest grafts used for CABG procedures, and are still the most widely used in coronary bypass surgeries. Saphenous vein conduits are harvested from legs and grafted from the ascending aorta (usually anterior aspect) to the coronary artery beyond the obstructive lesion. Right coronary grafts are usually anastomosed to the right coronary artery (RCA) or posterior descending artery (PDA). Left coronary grafts are usually anastomosed to left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex, obtuse marginal or diagonal branches. Saphenous grafts are most convenient, however most prone to occlusion. In CT imaging, it may not be possible to see the distal anastomosis, however, a continuous contrast column in the graft can be read as the graft being patent. Most grafts are directly sutured to the aorta, however, aortovenous connector devices are being increasingly used which have a different imaging appearance."
"Left internal thoracic (or mammary) artery (ITA) grafts have emerged as the preferred bypass graft due to their excellent graft patency and close proximity to the left anterior descending artery (LAD). They are often referred to as LIMA grafts (left internal mammary artery grafts). The graft is directly seen on cross-sectional imaging or appears alongside a row of mediastinal surgical clips. Its proximal end arises from the normal anatomical origin (first part of the left subclavian artery for the LITA), and its distal end is usually anastomosed to the LAD. The right ITA (RITA) graft may be used in a similar way."
"sternal, mediastinal or donor-site infection"