"DICOM file formats have proven intrinsic vulnerabilities 1. Due to the increasing use of mobile devices 2and teleradiology, radiology has incorporated increasing cybersecurity risks. As different AI models are incorporated into radiology research and practice, many issues, including distributed systems and models, also present potential problems. Notably, GANs have been shown to make images that radiologists could not detect as synthetic 3. Clinical photographs also present cybersecurity issues for radiologists 4."
"Cybersecurity is the protection of digital data, software and hardware from risks, including attacks and other problems that affect their integrity and/or data confidentiality. Cybersecurity may utilise many different tools and protocols, including encryption, firewalls, and other infrastructure, to manage access to data and computer systems. Training protocols, guidelines, regulations, legal policies and ultimately human behaviours are also important tools for safeguarding data."
"Despite increasing awareness 5, regulations, and academic literature on digital security in radiology, many medical images (c. 2019) remain exposed, i.e., accessible, including patient-identifying data, due to a lack of very basic cybersecurity protections, e.g., not connecting PACS directly to the internet."