"The primary indication for EVD insertion is raised intracranial pressure and acute hydrocephalus, when rapid CSF diversion is required 3."
"EVD malfunction"
"EVD malposition"
"EVDs are used for temporary CSF diversion, ICP monitoring, and bridging to definitive CSF diversion procedures (e.g. ventriculoperitoneal shunt)."
"absence of complications (e.g. haemorrhage, malposition)"
"intracranial haemorrhage (e.g. subdural, intraventricular)"