"There is no consensus definition in the radiology or orthopaedic literature, however, FDA (USA) defines it as a fracture with a minimum of at least nine months since the initial injury with no signs of healing for the final three months 1."
"There is no consensus definition in the radiology or orthopaedic literature, however, FDA (USA) defines it as a fracture with a minimum of at least nine months since the initial injury with no signs of healing for the final three months 1."
Expected headings
"Location"
"There is no consensus definition in the radiology or orthopaedic literature, however, FDA (USA) defines it as a fracture with a minimum of at least nine months since the initial injury with no signs of healing for the final three months 1."
"There are different types of fracture non-union with various imaging characteristics:"
"hypertrophic: abundant callus formation; radiolucent line (unmineralized fibrocartilage) at the non-union site"
"oligotrophic: little or no callus formation; diastasis at the fracture site"
"atrophic: bony surfaces partially resorbed; no callus formation; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"atrophic: bony surfaces partially resorbed; no callus formation; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"atrophic: bony surfaces partially resorbed; no callus formation; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"atrophic: bony surfaces partially resorbed; no callus formation; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"infected: osteolysis; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"infected: osteolysis; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"
"infected: osteolysis; osteopenia; sclerotic avascular bone segments; segmental bone loss"