"The pathophysiology is uncertain, but altered cellular physiology results in neuronal death 4-5,7. It is known that hypoglycaemia leads to cellular energy failure, as the brain is an obligate glucose metabolizer. The resulting energy shortage results in sodium/potassium pump failure and cellular swelling and tissue alkalosis 8. Some theories are based on cell damage due to increased extracellular aspartate and glutamate 7."
"T1: low signal"
"T2: high signal"
"DWI/ADC: can be an earlier and sensitive tool showing reversible diffusion restriction 6"
"There are characteristic changes typically affecting the posterior limb of the internal capsule, cerebral cortex (in particular parieto-occipital and insula), hippocampus, and basal ganglia 1,3. These are typically bilateral. The cerebellum, brainstem and thalami are usually spared in adults but they are also involved in neonates 3,4,8. The splenium of the corpus callosum can also be affected, producing the so-called boomerang sign."
"There are characteristic changes typically affecting the posterior limb of the internal capsule, cerebral cortex (in particular parieto-occipital and insula), hippocampus, and basal ganglia 1,3. These are typically bilateral. The cerebellum, brainstem and thalami are usually spared in adults but they are also involved in neonates 3,4,8. The splenium of the corpus callosum can also be affected, producing the so-called boomerang sign."