"Detectable pathology "
Expected headings
"Common but self-limiting"
"Rare but serious"
"Detectable pathology "
"Uterine"
"Tubal"
"after an antiseptic cleaning of the external genital area, a vaginal speculum is inserted with the patient in the lithotomy position; the cervix is cleaned with an aseptic solution"
"catheterisation of the cervix is then performed; the type of device used depends on local practice preferences, and the main options are:"
"a Foley catheter should be placed just beyond the internal os of the cervix; if the catheter is placed within the cervical canal, it can be easily dislodged"
"inadequate seal of the balloon with the internal os will result in leakage of the contrast through the cervical canal, generating inadequate intrauterine pressure to push the contrast out of the bilateral fallopian tubes; this results in a false positive result of fallopian tube blockage"
"some radiologists use iodinated oil (Lipiodol) as contrast when the indication is for lack of fertility, as some authors report increased fertility after its use; however, this remains controversial 6"
"a hysterosalpingography catheter or metal acorn-tipped cannula 2 (e.g. Leech Wilkinson, Margolin, etc.)"