Radiopaedia Helpers

Number Comparisons

error

"Exposures in the 65-75 kV range optimise radiographic contrast, mA of 600-1000 and exposure time < 0.1 second."

Line 23:101 · There should never be a space after less and greater than signs.

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"full-length post-micturition radiograph to confirm ureteric obstruction and delineate the lower ureter which can be obscured by contrast medium in the bladder"

Line 30:20 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-micturition'.

Latin

warning

"The term "urography" refers to evaluation of the entire urinary tract, ie. kidneys, pelvicalyceal systems, ureters and bladder. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) or excretory urography (EU) are commonly used as alternative but less accurate terms. Some reserve the term "pyelography" to refer to retrograde opacification of the collecting system."

Line 3:75 · Use appropriate Latin forms: 'i.e.' rather than 'ie.'.

Strong

warning

"The term "urography" refers to evaluation of the entire urinary tract, ie. kidneys, pelvicalyceal systems, ureters and bladder. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) or excretory urography (EU) are commonly used as alternative but less accurate terms. Some reserve the term "pyelography" to refer to retrograde opacification of the collecting system."

Line 3:132 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>Intravenous pyelography (IVP)</strong>'

"The term "urography" refers to evaluation of the entire urinary tract, ie. kidneys, pelvicalyceal systems, ureters and bladder. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) or excretory urography (EU) are commonly used as alternative but less accurate terms. Some reserve the term "pyelography" to refer to retrograde opacification of the collecting system."

Line 3:182 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>excretory urography (EU)</strong>'

Unit Capitalisation

warning

"There are various IVU techniques ⁴. 18 or 19G gauge IV access is required for bolus injection of a water-soluble iodinated contrast agent; nonionic contrast medium has a better safety profile. A dose up to 1.5 ml/kg body weight is well tolerated."

Line 24:223 · Unit names are lowercase in full, and the litre takes a capital L: '5 ml'.

Acronyms

warning

"control AP radiograph of the kidneys, ureters and bladder to show calculi which can be obscured by contrast medium"

Line 27:16 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"3 minute post injection AP radiograph of the kidneys to show contrast medium beginning to appear in the pelvicalyceal systems. Unilateral absent excretion indicates obstruction. Cortical and medullary nephrogram is normally well seen at 3 minutes but attenuation may be reduced on the obstructed side"

Line 28:32 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"10 minute full-length AP radiograph, optional obliques"

Line 29:30 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"5 minute AP radiograph of the kidneys then apply a lower abdominal compression band to distend the upper tracts"

Line 37:17 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AP and both oblique radiographs of the kidneys at 10 minutes"

Line 38:8 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"full length AP radiograph and both obliques on compression release"

Line 39:20 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AP full-length post void view"

Line 42:8 · 'AP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Clinical applications
H2 Indications
H2 Contraindications
H1 Technique
H2 Physical principles
H2 Device structure
H2 Device function
H2 Image acquisition
H2 Image reconstruction
H2 Post-processing
H2 Technical advances
H2 Protocols
H1 Interpretation
H2 Normal values
H2 Limitations
H2 Pitfalls and artifacts
H1 History and etymology
H1 Practical points
H1 Related articles
H1 See also

"Indications"

Line 4:1 · "Indications" should be H2, not H1.

"Patient preparation"

Line 15:1 · "Patient preparation" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Intravenous urography (IVU) is a radiographic study of the renal parenchyma, pelvicalyceal system, ureters and urinary bladder using intravenous contrast medium. This exam has been largely replaced by CT urography."

Line 1:112 · Use the Oxford comma in 'system, ureters and urinary'.

"The term "urography" refers to evaluation of the entire urinary tract, ie. kidneys, pelvicalyceal systems, ureters and bladder. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) or excretory urography (EU) are commonly used as alternative but less accurate terms. Some reserve the term "pyelography" to refer to retrograde opacification of the collecting system."

Line 3:102 · Use the Oxford comma in 'systems, ureters and bladder'.

"control AP radiograph of the kidneys, ureters and bladder to show calculi which can be obscured by contrast medium"

Line 27:37 · Use the Oxford comma in 'kidneys, ureters and bladder'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"fasting for 5 hours prior to the examination is preferred; laxatives to reduce faecal loading do not improve image quality ⁴"

Line 17:65 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"There are various IVU techniques ⁴. 18 or 19G gauge IV access is required for bolus injection of a water-soluble iodinated contrast agent; nonionic contrast medium has a better safety profile. A dose up to 1.5 ml/kg body weight is well tolerated."

Line 24:152 · Use semicolons judiciously.

There Is

suggestion

"There are various IVU techniques ⁴. 18 or 19G gauge IV access is required for bolus injection of a water-soluble iodinated contrast agent; nonionic contrast medium has a better safety profile. A dose up to 1.5 ml/kg body weight is well tolerated."

Line 24:4 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.

Lint: intravenous-urography