"Artifacts are caused by a variety of factors that may be patient-related, such as voluntary and physiologic motion, metallic implants or foreign bodies. Finite sampling, k-space encoding, and Fourier transformation may cause aliasing and Gibbs artifact. Characteristics of pulse sequences may cause black boundary, Moiré, and phase-encoding artifacts. Hardware issues may cause central point and RF overflow artifacts."
"RF overflow artifact"
"Moiré fringes"
"Gibbs artifact/truncation artifact"
Expected headings
"The artifacts"
"MRI hardware and room shielding"
"MRI software"
"Patient and physiologic motion"
"Tissue heterogeneity and foreign bodies"
"Fourier transform and Nyquist sampling theorem"