"grade I: haematoma with minor contusion or superficial laceration without duct injury"
"grade II: major contusion or laceration without duct injury"
"grade III: distal transection or deep parenchymal injury with duct injury"
"grade IV: proximal transection or deep parenchymal injury involving the ampulla (and/or intrapancreatic common bile duct)"
"grade V: massive disruption of the pancreatic head ("shattered pancreas")"
"grade A: pancreatitis or superficial laceration only"
"BI: deep laceration involving pancreatic tail"
"BII: complete transection of pancreatic tail"
"CI: deep laceration involving pancreatic head"
"CII: complete transection of pancreatic head"
"Wong et al."
"American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST)"
"American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST)"
"AAST grading is as follows 5,7:"
"BI: deep laceration involving pancreatic tail"
"BII: complete transection of pancreatic tail"
Expected headings
"Classifications"
"American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST)"
"Wong et al."
"Grades I and II do not involve the duct and are considered low-grade injuries. Grades III, IV and V involve the duct and constitute "high-grade" injuries ref."