"the presentation is usually nonspecific and includes a cough, dyspnoea, expectoration haemoptysis, weight loss, and fever."
"Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a thermally dimorphic fungus. Microscopically, it shows a characteristic yeastlike appearance with multiple peripheral budding resembling a pilot’s wheel, or, when only two buds around the mother cell, resembling a ‘Mickey Mouse’’ head 2. Staining is usually performed with methenamine–silver nitrate (Grocott-Gomori) or periodic acid–Schiff 1,2."
"Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a thermally dimorphic fungus. Microscopically, it shows a characteristic yeastlike appearance with multiple peripheral budding resembling a pilot’s wheel, or, when only two buds around the mother cell, resembling a ‘Mickey Mouse’’ head 2. Staining is usually performed with methenamine–silver nitrate (Grocott-Gomori) or periodic acid–Schiff 1,2."
"History and etymology "
"Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a thermally dimorphic fungus. Microscopically, it shows a characteristic yeastlike appearance with multiple peripheral budding resembling a pilot’s wheel, or, when only two buds around the mother cell, resembling a ‘Mickey Mouse’’ head 2. Staining is usually performed with methenamine–silver nitrate (Grocott-Gomori) or periodic acid–Schiff 1,2."
"The strong male prevalence is explained by the presence of beta-oestradiol membrane receptors in the P. brasiliensis, which inhibits the switch of forms from the conidia-mycelial propagules to the yeast form 2. Postmenopausal women are no longer protected by this mechanism and may also present with the chronic clinical form of the disease."
"P. brasiliensis is a very sensitive fungus and responds to a great range of antifungal drugs. Most mild and moderate clinical forms of PCM are managed with itraconazole or sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim and, the severe cases, with amphotericin B 2,3."
"The disease was first described by Adolpho Lutz (1855-1940), Brazilian physician, in 1908 2."
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"History and etymology "
"PCM represents the most prevalent systemic mycosis in South America and, in particular, in Brazil, where it is estimated to affect about 10% of the population in the endemic regions, particularly in the rural areas 1. There is a strong male preference of the chronic symptomatic form, with a ratio of 13:1 1,2."
"involvement of the reticuloendothelial system, presenting with fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy"