Radiopaedia Helpers

Citation Preceding Space

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"The younger the age at the time of presentation, the more benign disease course is expected, and also for the same age, the prognosis is better in boys than girls due to less maturity ^5,8. Conservative treatment is favourable in children with a skeletal age of 6 years or less at time of disease onset ¹⁴. Good outcomes are seen up to about 60% of cases¹⁶."

Line 91:379 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '16'

"Prognosis is also influenced by the percentage of femoral head involvement and degree of primary deformity of the femoral head and the secondary osteoarthritic changes that ensue. Children older than 8 years¹⁶ or with over 50% of femoral head necrosis at time of diagnosis should be considered for operative management ¹⁴. The aim of therapy is to try and maintain good femoroacetabular contact and a round femoral head."

Line 92:211 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '16'

List Caps

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"Karel Maydl (1853-1903): Austrian surgeon ¹³"

Line 98:16 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Arthur Thornton Legg (1874-1939): American orthopaedic surgeon ¹¹"

Line 99:16 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Jacques Calvé (1875-1954): French orthopaedic surgeon ¹²"

Line 100:16 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Georg Clemens Perthes (1869-1927): German surgeon ⁷"

Line 101:16 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Headings Valid

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Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Early signs"

Line 51:1 · "Early signs" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Late signs"

Line 59:1 · "Late signs" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Fluoroscopy"

Line 68:1 · "Fluoroscopy" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

There Is

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"The radiographic findings are those of osteonecrosis. There are separate systems for staging of Perthes disease:"

Line 21:65 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.

Oxford Comma

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"Treatment in Perthes disease is largely related to symptom control, particularly in the early phase of the disease. As the disease progresses, fragmentation and destruction of the femoral head occur. In this situation, operative management is sometimes required to either ensure appropriate coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum or to replace the femoral head in adult life."

Line 90:135 · Use the Oxford comma in 'progresses, fragmentation and destruction'.

Biographical Lifespan

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"History and etymology"

Line 95:1 · A bold element in the History and etymology section should be a person; it would be useful to have their lifespan details: '<h4>History and etymology</h4> The condition was first described in 1897 by Maydl, with Legg, Calvé, '

Links

osteonecrosis-2