"stage 0: no ossification centre at the level of iliac crest apophysis"
"stage 1: apophysis under 25% of the iliac crest"
"stage 2: apophysis over 25-50% of the iliac crest"
"stage 3: apophysis over 50-75% of the iliac crest"
"stage 4: apophysis over >75% of the iliac crest"
"stage 5: complete ossification and fusion of the iliac crest apophysis"
"stage 0: no ossification centre at the level of iliac crest apophysis"
"stage 1: apophysis under 33% of the iliac crest"
"stage 2: apophysis over 33-66% of the iliac crest"
"stage 3: apophysis over >66% of the iliac crest"
"stage 4: complete ossification of the iliac crest"
"stage 5: complete fusion of the iliac crest apophysis"
"The Risser sign (iliac aphosyseal fusion indicates vertebral growth completion) was first described in 1958 by Joseph C. Risser (1892–1982), an American orthopaedic surgeon 3-5."
"United States Risser staging system"
"French Risser classification"
Expected headings
"United States Risser staging system"
"French Risser classification"
"As stage 0 and stage 5 can appear similar, age and long bone growth plates may be of help in discriminating between the two 3:"