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Lint: stem-and-lead-in-multiple-choice-questions-1

stem-and-lead-in-multiple-choice-questions-1
Strong List Colon Position
error

"clear: the stem should be clearly written, and unambiguous; do not try and trick the examinee"

Line 19:1 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>clear:</strong> the'

"short: try and keep the stem as short as possible without, however, diminishing comprehension (e.g. avoid acronyms)"

Line 21:1 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>short: </strong>try'

"avoid double negatives: double negatives are never needed and should be avoided"

Line 37:1 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>avoid double negatives:</strong> double'

"avoid teaching: questions are questions, not didactic teaching. Therefore avoid including non-question specific facts within stems."

Line 42:1 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>avoid teaching:</strong> questions'
List Punctuation
error

"in most instances, stems should be worded to achieve a positive/true answer, as this reinforces knowledge."

Line 24:101 · Do not put full stops at the end of a list item.

"avoid teaching: questions are questions, not didactic teaching. Therefore avoid including non-question specific facts within stems."

Line 42:143 · Do not put full stops at the end of a list item.
Quotes
error

""The third branch from the arch of the aorta is...""

Line 62:5 · Commas and periods go outside quotation marks (in nearly all circumstances).

""All of the following are reasonable diagnoses EXCEPT...""

Line 63:5 · Commas and periods go outside quotation marks (in nearly all circumstances).
En Dash
error

"It is essential that for the completion type lead-in, that the alternatives (see below) are phrased in such a way that they grammatically finish the lead-in appropriately – in other words, you should be able to read the lead-in followed by each alternative, and it should make sense."

Line 67:175 · Use a hyphen-minus ('-') instead of an en-dash ('–').
List Caps
warning

"A 45-year-old man complains of back pain and haematuria. [stem]"

Line 10:5 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"What is the most likely cause? [lead-in]"

Line 11:5 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"What is the most common cause of haematuria? [combined stem and lead-in]"

Line 14:9 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.
Strong
warning

"clear: the stem should be clearly written, and unambiguous; do not try and trick the examinee"

Line 19:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>clear:</strong>'

"short: try and keep the stem as short as possible without, however, diminishing comprehension (e.g. avoid acronyms)"

Line 21:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>short: </strong>'

"avoid negatives"

Line 23:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>avoid negatives</strong>'

"sometimes the learning goal is a negative answer and if this is the case the negative term should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened (e.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?") to avoid misreading"

Line 31:166 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>FALSE</strong>'

"avoid double negatives: double negatives are never needed and should be avoided"

Line 37:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>avoid double negatives:</strong>'

"use the present tensegenerally, the stem should be in the present tense (e.g. "A 50-year-old male presents with abdominal pain and a CT scan is performed")"

Line 39:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>use the present tense</strong>'

"avoid teaching: questions are questions, not didactic teaching. Therefore avoid including non-question specific facts within stems."

Line 42:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>avoid teaching:</strong>'

""Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 58:32 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>FALSE</strong>'

""All of the following are reasonable diagnoses EXCEPT...""

Line 63:52 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>EXCEPT</strong>'

"if the lead-in is asking to pick the single wrong answer (negative question) the negative word should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened, to make it harder to misreade.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 75:133 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>emboldened</strong>'

"if the lead-in is asking to pick the single wrong answer (negative question) the negative word should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened, to make it harder to misreade.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 75:230 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '<strong>FALSE</strong>'
Emphasis
warning

"clear: the stem should be clearly written, and unambiguous; do not try and trick the examinee"

Line 19:93 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>trick</em>'

"positive: "In what demographic is MS most common?""

Line 26:1 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>positive:</em>'

"negative: "In what demographic is MS least common?""

Line 28:1 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>negative:</em>'

"use the present tensegenerally, the stem should be in the present tense (e.g. "A 50-year-old male presents with abdominal pain and a CT scan is performed")"

Line 39:125 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '<em>presents</em> with abdominal pain and a CT scan <em>is</em>'
Acronyms
warning

"sometimes the learning goal is a negative answer and if this is the case the negative term should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened (e.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?") to avoid misreading"

Line 31:109 · 'ALL' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"sometimes the learning goal is a negative answer and if this is the case the negative term should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened (e.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?") to avoid misreading"

Line 31:174 · 'FALSE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

""Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 58:40 · 'FALSE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

""All of the following are reasonable diagnoses EXCEPT...""

Line 63:60 · 'EXCEPT' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"if the lead-in is asking to pick the single wrong answer (negative question) the negative word should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened, to make it harder to misreade.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 75:120 · 'ALL' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"if the lead-in is asking to pick the single wrong answer (negative question) the negative word should be in ALL CAPS and emboldened, to make it harder to misreade.g. "Which of the following is FALSE?""

Line 75:238 · 'FALSE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.
Ellipses
warning

""The third branch from the arch of the aorta is...""

Line 62:52 · Don't use an ellipsis... in written text.

""All of the following are reasonable diagnoses EXCEPT...""

Line 63:75 · Don't use an ellipsis... in written text.

"completion-type lead-ins should finish with an ellipsis ( ... )e.g. "The most common cause of a headache is... ""

Line 73:63 · Don't use an ellipsis... in written text.

"completion-type lead-ins should finish with an ellipsis ( ... )e.g. "The most common cause of a headache is... ""

Line 73:120 · Don't use an ellipsis... in written text.
Headings Valid
warning

Expected headings

  • H1 Terminology
  • H1 Usage
  • H1 Epidemiology
  • H2 Risk factors
  • H2 Associations
  • H1 Clinical presentation
  • H2 Complications
  • H1 Diagnosis
  • H2 Diagnostic criteria
  • H2 Diagnostic clues
  • H1 Pathology
  • H2 Aetiology
  • H2 Location
  • H2 Classification
  • H2 Macroscopic appearance
  • H2 Microscopic appearance
  • H2 Immunophenotype
  • H2 Markers
  • H2 Genetics
  • H1 Radiographic features
  • H2 Plain radiograph
  • H2 Mammography
  • H2 Antenatal ultrasound
  • H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
  • H2 Ultrasound
  • H2 CT
  • H3 Dual-energy CT
  • H2 Angiography (DSA)
  • H2 MRI
  • H2 CT/MRI
  • H2 Nuclear medicine
  • H3 PET-CT
  • H3 PET-MRI
  • H1 Radiology report
  • H1 Treatment and prognosis
  • H2 Complications
  • H1 History and etymology
  • H1 Differential diagnosis
  • H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
  • H1 Practical points
  • H1 See also

"Examples"

Line 7:1 · "Examples" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Example 1: separate stem and lead-in"

Line 8:1 · "Example 1: separate stem and lead-in" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Example 2: combined stem and lead in"

Line 13:1 · "Example 2: combined stem and lead in" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Best practice"

Line 15:1 · "Best practice" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Stem"

Line 16:1 · "Stem" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Content order"

Line 44:1 · "Content order" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Lead-in"

Line 53:1 · "Lead-in" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Style"

Line 68:1 · "Style" is not a recognised heading for this article type.
Semicolons
suggestion

"clear: the stem should be clearly written, and unambiguous; do not try and trick the examinee"

Line 19:76 · Use semicolons judiciously.
Inline EG
suggestion

"short: try and keep the stem as short as possible without, however, diminishing comprehension (e.g. avoid acronyms)"

Line 21:112 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"use the present tensegenerally, the stem should be in the present tense (e.g. "A 50-year-old male presents with abdominal pain and a CT scan is performed")"

Line 39:99 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.
There Is
suggestion

"Both the stem and lead-in should have normal sentence capitalisation and punctuation. There are a few special notes specific to multiple choice questions:"

Line 69:90 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.
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