"MRI with heavily T2 weighted (e.g. CISS) thin section images of the brainstem and post-gadolinium contrast enhanced sequences, should be performed, especially in pharmacologically-refractory cases 1. In cases of neurovascular compression, an implicated branch of the superior cerebellar artery may be identified to be in contact with the transition zone of the trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) 1,3,4,7."
"Superior oblique myokymia was first described by Alexander Duane (1858-1926), American ophthalmologist, in 1906 8. However, the condition was given the name ‘super oblique myokymia’ in 1970 by William F Hoyt (1926-2019), American neuro-ophthalmologist, and James R Keane, American neurologist 5."
"The exact incidence of superior oblique myokymia is not known, but it is considered rare 1. It may present across the adult demographic and does not have a sex predilection 1. For reasons unclear, it is described slightly more commonly on the right side, especially in females 1."
"Heimann-Bielschowsky phenomenon 1"
"Clinical features are usually paroxysmal, lasting seconds to hours in duration 1. Paroxysms can often, but not always, be triggered by stress, illness, alcohol intake, fatigue, or looking downwards 1,2,6."