"Colour Doppler "
"A cutoff angle of 55 degrees or greater detect grade III to V and grade IV/V reflux with a sensitivity of 85.5% and 94.7%, respectively6."
"Colour Doppler"
"The ureteric jet angle is the angle between the direction of the ureteric jet and the interureteral ridge."
"On CT and MRI, the visualisation of ureteric jets is one of chance, rather than by design. On CT it is usually seen on a urographic phase study when the rapid expulsion of the urine bolus is accidentally captured as the study proceeds. On MRI the change in flow characteristics in the region of the UVJ might be observable."
Expected headings
"Colour Doppler "
"Ureteric jets can be seen on most modalities, including grey scale ultrasound, colour Doppler ultrasound, CT, MRI, fluoroscopy and nuclear medicine studies."