"A variety of implants are available: rib-to-rib; rib-to-lumbar lamina, rib-to-ilium. The construct is attached superiorly and inferiorly with hooks with an extension bar placed. Subsequent extension procedures can be performed via a small incision exposing the extension bar closure 3."
"One series 2 where VEPTR was performed for early onset scoliosis without rib abnormalities demonstrated at 5 years scoliosis control and spine growth with ~50% of the patients having VEPTR in situ and ~50% converted to other types of scoliosis surgery; a minority had the VEPTR explanted."