"The specific molecular mechanism responsible for the action of vitamin K is well-understood. It acts as a cofactor for gammaglutamate carboxylase (GGCX), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme, found in many human (and mammalian) cells. Vitamin K accelerates the γ-glutamyl carboxylation of glutamate residues on its target proteins to form γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla). These target compounds are therefore called Gla proteins 2,4."
Expected headings
"Physiology"
"Historically, the only Gla proteins known were the clotting factors II, VII, IX and X, hence the importance of vitamin K for normal function of the coagulation pathway. However many other Gla proteins are now known, including osteocalcin (important for osteogenesis), matrix-Gla protein (important for the antagonism of calcification in the body), and the coagulation molecules, protein C and protein S 2,4."