42 rules
27 rules
10 rules
Whenever we use AM or PM, it should be preceded by a space, e.g. 4 PM.
Use 'AM' or 'PM' (preceded by a space).
Adjectival hyphens are only required when the adjective ends with the same letter as the definition, e.g. trans-sphenoidal c.f. transependymal.
Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: '%s'.
An approximation symbol is not followed by a space, e.g. ~15.
No space after an approximation symbol: '%s'.
Never use the range description `between 3 to 5`, we should always use `between x and y`. This style matches any words or numbers in this form.
'%s' should use between ... and ...
In a biographical citation, the date should be correctly formatted. We allow (yyyy-yyyy), (yyyy-), (fl. yyyy)
In a biographical citation, the date be correctly formatted: '%s'
In a biographical citation, the date should never be bold.
In a biographical citation, the date should never be bold: '%s'
In a biographical citation, the date should be correctly spaced with the spacing being outside the bold tags.
In a biographical citation, the date should be correctly spaced: '%s'
In a biographical citation, the name should be formatted correctly, e.g. not have spaces between initials.
In a biographical citation, the name should be formatted correctly: '%s'
The suffix is '-cele', never '-coele'. An existence rule rather than a substitution because the suffix sits inside words and Vale word-boundary wraps substitution patterns.
The suffix is '-cele', not '-coele': '%s'.
Ensure that citations are ordered correctly.
Citations must appear in numeric order.
Ensure that there is a space before a citation definition.
Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence <sup>2</sup>. '%s'
Ensure that there is never a space between a citation and following punctuation.
Citations should not have spaces between themselves and punctuation. '%s'
Ensure that punctuation is never superscripted
Punctuation after citations should never be superscripted. '%s'
Ensure that syntax is correct. Citations should have ranges over 2 specified as a dash - everything else should be separated by a comma.
Citations are separated by commas, except when the range is over 2.
A colon takes no space before it. The matching 'single space after' instruction is deliberately not enforced: medical ratios such as albumin:globulin and grey:white are written without a space and are indistinguishable from a missing space by pattern.
A colon takes no space before it: '%s'.
We should always use full words over contractions, e.g. "do not" rather than "don't".
Never use contractions: use '%s' in place of '%s'.
Dates are written day-month-year with no ordinals and no commas, e.g. 1 January 2020.
Use '1 January 2020' format, not '%s'.
Do not use em-dashes. We use a hyphen with a space on either side instead.
Don't use em-dashes, replace them with spaces either side of a hyphen-minus
Do not use en-dashes. We use a hyphen (minus-hyphen) instead.
Use a hyphen-minus ('-') instead of an en-dash ('–').
Never use exclamation points in text.
Don't use exclamation points in text.
Radiopaedia never uses the 'foetus' spelling. Fetus, fetal, feticide and fetor are the correct forms.
Use the 'fetus' spelling: '%s' rather than '%s'.
Citations should not appear in headings. Move them to the body text.
Do not put citations in headings.
Never put punctuation at the end of headings.
Do not put punctuation at the end of a heading.
Headings should never have spaces on either end.
Never put spaces at either end of headings.
Combinations of imaging modalities are joined with a hyphen, not a slash, to show they are true combinations rather than alternatives.
Hybrid imaging takes a hyphen, not a slash: '%s'.
Radiopaedia writes isotopes as element-mass or symbol-mass, e.g. fluorine-18 or F-18, never 18F. The isotopes are listed explicitly rather than matched by pattern, because a mass number followed by an element symbol is indistinguishable from a French catheter gauge such as 12F.
Write the isotope as symbol-mass, e.g. F-18, not '%s'.
Links are created on normal text only: never inside a heading, never bold, and never adjacent to another link. Italicised links are not checked, since binomial organism names are legitimately both.
Links belong on normal text, one per phrase: '%s'.
List items should not have full-stops at the end.
Do not put full stops at the end of a list item.
Words the style guide lists as commonly misspelt. These are not British variants; the guide states they are simply incorrect.
This is a misspelling: use '%s' rather than '%s'.
Use correct spacing around < and > signs.
There should never be a space after less and greater than signs.
Ensure the correct spacing around hyphens used to denote number ranges. There should be no spaces.
In a number range, there should not be spaces around the hyphen ('%s').
Ensure that optional pleurals are not denoted using (s).
Do not use plurals in parentheses such as in '%s'.
Periods should be use to end sentences, not after acronyms or initials, e.g. Dr.
Don't use periods with acronyms or initialisms such as '%s'.
Commas and periods go outside quotation marks (in nearly all circumstances).
Commas and periods go outside quotation marks (in nearly all circumstances).
Don't start a sentence with So.
Don't start a sentence with '%s'.
Ensures that there are no double spaces and there is correct spacing around punctuation.
'%s' should have one space.
When we are describing spinal levels, we should not have spaces around the hyphen, e.g. T4-5 not T4 - 5.
'%s' should not have spaces around the hyphen for spinal levels.
When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold.
When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '%s'
Radiopaedia uses the IUPAC spelling 'sulfur' for the chemical element and all its derived forms, never 'sulphur'.
Use the 'f' spelling: '%s' rather than '%s'.
There are a lot of words that should not be used to compared thing... this checks for them.
'%s' is not comparable
There should always be a space between a number and its unit, e.g. 1 cm not 1cm.
Put a space between the number and the unit in '%s'.
Site-wide spelling decisions from the 'words we never use' article. The other entries in that list have their own rules.
Radiopaedia always uses '%s' rather than '%s'.
Abbreviation forms the style guide fixes. The rest of that article is already covered by Latin.yml.
Check the abbreviation form against the style guide: '%s'.
When using acronyms, we need to ensure that either they are very common (e.g. CT or MRI), or have been spelled out for the audience earlier in the article. This may be with the acronym as the main word, or in brackets, e.g. PRES (posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome) or Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The rule is pretty clever at working out compound words (e.g. encephalomyeltitis is the E and M in ADEM), but it isn't flawless (yet).
'%s' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.
Radiopaedia favours the word 'and' over the ampersand, with a few exceptions the style guide names: commercial names, H&E staining, head & neck imaging, and references reproduced verbatim.
Radiopaedia favours the word 'and' rather than '&'.
Check all colons and ensure that the next word does not start with a capital letter. There are exceptions including NB, roman numerals, valid acronyms and Proper nouns (e.g. a disease like Down syndrome) etc.
The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: '%s'.
Radiopaedia favours the spelling 'disc' and its orthographic derivatives. Non-anatomical uses, such as computer disks, are left to the author.
Radiopaedia favours the 'disc' spelling: '%s' rather than '%s'.
An e.g. list gives selected examples rather than an exhaustive one, so it does not end with a conjunction. This is the one place the site departs from its own Oxford comma rule, which is why OxfordComma carries a matching exception.
An e.g. list gives selected examples, so it should not end with 'and' or 'or': '%s'.
Never use ellipsis...
Don't use an ellipsis... in written text.
Italics are only used in very specific places and should avoid outside those situations. They are used to describe Organisms, but not species and also to describe genes, but not the proteins they create. Organisms are added to a list of exceptions. Genes are assumed when the emphasied content is followed by the word gene
Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: '%s'
Radiopaedia prefers the non-possessive form of eponyms, e.g. Down syndrome rather than Down's syndrome. The trailing noun list is taken from the guide's own 'when not to use' categories, which also excludes the anatomical structures and fixed phrases it carves out.
Radiopaedia prefers the non-possessive eponym: '%s'.
Use the combined greater than and less than equal to signs.
Use the combined greater than and less than equal to signs: use '%s' instead of '%s'.
Radiopaedia uses 'grey' site-wide and does not vary it by user preference. The SI unit of absorbed dose is spelt 'gray' after the physicist Louis Gray, so the unit, its multiples and the surname are excluded by the pattern itself rather than by exceptions, which do not match reliably past the matched word.
Radiopaedia uses the 'grey' spelling: '%s' rather than '%s'.
Heading capitalisation should be in sentence-style. The exception is allowed acronyms and acronyms in brackets.
'%s' should use sentence-style capitalization.
Heterogenous and homogenous are real words meaning 'of foreign origin', but the guide advises always using the form with the extra 'e', which is right roughly 99% of the time. A warning rather than an error, since the other form is occasionally correct.
Radiopaedia advises the '-eous' form: '%s' rather than '%s'.
Looks for repetition.
'%s' is repeated!
The correct usage of latin terms should be adhered to.
Use appropriate Latin forms: '%s' rather than '%s'.
List items should not start with a capital letter. There are some exceptions including acronyms, white-listed capitalisation and spinal level notation.
In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.
Looks for common negated words that mean other things, e.g. no minor instead of major.
Consider using '%s' instead of '%s'
A decimal takes a leading zero, and fractions are written with a slash rather than a glyph.
Check the number format against the style guide: '%s'.
Using a comma to separate thousands in large numbers over 10,000 is helpful for readability.
Use a thousands separators for large numbers.
Binomial names take an italicised capitalised genus and an italicised lowercase species. The abbreviations sp. and spp. are never italicised.
Check the binomial: species is lowercase and sp./spp. is not italicised: '%s'.
Sections left as 'content pending' are placeholders and should be completed.
Complete the content for content pending sections
A person's title and initials carry no full stops, and initials are spaced, e.g. Dr R F Player.
Titles and initials take no full stops: '%s'.
A prefix takes a hyphen only when it would otherwise duplicate a vowel, e.g. extra-axial but extramedullary. Applies the same principle as AdjectivalHyphens to the prefixes that recur in radiology. non- and anti- are excluded, since conventional usage hyphenates both.
A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: '%s'.
Don't add words such as 'from' or 'between' to describe a range of numbers.
Don't add words such as 'from' or 'between' to describe a range of numbers.
This rule looks for duplication of spinal level in the second reference of a spinal level, e.g. T2-T3.
Consider removing the duplication of spinal level in the second reference '%s'.
We have very specific rules about when we use bold.
Generally, don't use bold in text: '%s'
Eponymous unit names are lowercase when written in full, e.g. 3 tesla, and the litre takes a capital L. Anchored to a preceding number because every eponymous unit is also a surname, correctly capitalised when naming the person.
Unit names are lowercase in full, and the litre takes a capital L: '%s'.
If there is a strong element in the History and etymology section, then it should be a person and when we mention people, we should include their lifespan details.
A bold element in the History and etymology section should be a person; it would be useful to have their lifespan details: '%s'
Check whether there are more than 5 commas in a sentence and warn that it might make reading more difficult.
More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.
Look for a hidden non-breaking space in the HTML ( )
There is a hidden non-breaking space in the HTML ( ). These should be avoided
Sometimes, replacing a terminal e.g. in brackets with an inline e.g. after a comma works well.
Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.
It would be best to steer clear of manufacturer-specific MRI sequence names, e.g. FISP, DRIVE.
'%s' is an MRI-manufacturer-specific sequence, try to avoid using these.
Ensure that where sensible, the Oxford comma is used.
Use the Oxford comma in '%s'.
Using lots of parentheses in text can reduce readability. Warn when more than 3 are used in a text block.
Use parentheses judiciously. There are at least 3 sets in this paragraph.
Text describing evidence as recent dates badly. Use a date and a citation instead. Scoped to the evidence sense: clinical recency, such as a recent infarct, is a legitimate imaging finding and is not flagged.
Avoid describing evidence as recent; give a date instead: '%s'.
Use semicolons judiciously.
Use semicolons judiciously.
Don't start a sentence with "There is" or equivalent!
Don't start a sentence with '%s'.