Radiopaedia Helpers

avulsion-fracture

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H1 Terminology
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H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
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H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
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H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
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H2 Ultrasound
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H3 Dual-energy CT
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H1 See also

"Pectoral girdle"

Line 12:1 · "Pectoral girdle" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Elbow"

Line 18:1 · "Elbow" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Hand"

Line 28:1 · "Hand" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Pelvis and hip"

Line 33:1 · "Pelvis and hip" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Knee"

Line 43:1 · "Knee" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Ankle and foot"

Line 62:1 · "Ankle and foot" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Avulsion injuries or fractures occur where the joint capsule, ligament, tendon or muscle attachment site is pulled off from the bone, usually taking a fragment of cortical bone. Avulsion fractures are commonly distracted due to the high tensile forces involved. There are numerous sites at which these occur. Being familiar with them is important as subacute/chronic injuries can appear aggressive."

Line 1:100 · Use the Oxford comma in 'ligament, tendon or muscle'.

"Avulsion fractures can be classified as acute, subacute or chronic. In acute avulsion fractures, there is usually a clear preceding traumatic incident. Subacute and chronic avulsion injuries can be due to delayed presentation of an acute injury or secondary to repetitive use / overuse injuries ⁴."

Line 5:44 · Use the Oxford comma in 'acute, subacute or chronic'.

"Many avulsion fractures are apparent on plain radiographs. The avulsed bone fragment is typically displaced in the direction of the tendon, ligament or joint capsule which is attached to it ⁵. CT and/or MRI may be required for detection and further characterisation. Appearances will vary depending on classification ⁴:"

Line 71:136 · Use the Oxford comma in 'tendon, ligament or joint'.

There Is

suggestion