"transtricuspid peak velocity variation by > 40%"
"Pericardial volume under normal circumstances sits between 5-10 mL of fluid 5. Tamponade occurs due to an incremental increase in the intrapericardial volume, which raises the intrapericardial pressure. This pressure is transmitted to the cardiac chambers, causing both reduced intracardiac volume and increased resistance to filling, with resultant severe haemodynamic impairment and eventually reduced cardiac output."
"Cardiac tamponade is the result of an accumulation of fluid, pus, blood, gas, or benign or malignant neoplastic tissue within the pericardial cavity, which can occur either rapidly or gradually over time, but ultimately results in impaired cardiac output."
"Chest radiographs may show cardiomegaly, with or without an epicardial fat pad sign, suggesting a pericardial effusion."
"Treatment involves the expedient drainage of the pericardial collection and, where feasible, repair or treatment of the underlying cause. This can be performed percutaneously with either landmark or ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis, via open sternotomy, or increasingly with a balloon pericardiotomy."
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