Radiopaedia Helpers

chordoma

Strong List Colon Position

error

"T2: most exhibit very high signal"

Line 67:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T2: most'

"SWI/GE: variable intralesional haemorrhage, suggested by the presence of blooming artifact"

Line 75:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'SWI/GE: variable'

Number Spacing

error

"conventional chordoma: 1474 ± 117 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 79:44 · In a number range, there should not be spaces around the hyphen ('10 -6').

"dedifferentiated chordoma: 875 ± 100 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 80:47 · In a number range, there should not be spaces around the hyphen ('10 -6').

"higher ADC values: 2051 ± 261 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 110:40 · In a number range, there should not be spaces around the hyphen ('10 -6').

Citation Preceding Space

error

"conventional chordoma: 1474 ± 117 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 79:46 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '-6'

"dedifferentiated chordoma: 875 ± 100 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 80:49 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '-6'

"higher ADC values: 2051 ± 261 x 10^-6 mm²/s ¹³"

Line 110:42 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '-6'

Emphasis

warning

"PIK3CA signalling mutations"

Line 37:8 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: 'PIK3CA'

Prefix Hyphens

warning

"usually hyper-attenuating relative to adjacent brain; however, inhomogenous areas may be seen due to necrosis or haemorrhage"

Line 51:16 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'hyper-attenuating'.

Acronyms

warning

"SWI/GE: variable intralesional haemorrhage, suggested by the presence of blooming artifact"

Line 75:20 · 'GE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Litotes

warning

"Although angiography is useful to assess vascular encasement and displacement, chordomas usually do not have significant tumoural vascularity ³."

Line 85:104 · Consider using 'lack(s)' instead of 'not have'

Heterogeneous Spelling

warning

"heterogenous T2 signal"

Line 137:8 · Radiopaedia advises the '-eous' form: 'heterogeneous' rather than 'heterogenous'.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Sacrococcygeal"

Line 25:1 · "Sacrococcygeal" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Spheno-occipital"

Line 28:1 · "Spheno-occipital" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Vertebral bodies"

Line 30:1 · "Vertebral bodies" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

There Is

suggestion

"Chordomas can occur at any age but are usually seen in adults (30-70 years). Those located in the spheno-occipital region most commonly occur in patients 20-40 years of age, whereas sacrococcygeal chordomas are typically seen in a slightly older age group (peak around 50 years ¹⁰). There is an overall male to female predilection of 2:1 ³. Although some publications have reported greater numbers of white patients being diagnosed with chordoma, differences in incidence rates by ethnicity have not been established ¹⁷."

Line 4:298 · Don't start a sentence with 'There is'.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Macroscopically, chordomas present as firm masses. Fluid and gelatinous mucoid substance (associated with recent and old haemorrhage) and necrotic areas are found within these tumours. In some patients, calcification and sequestered bone fragments are found as well. The variety of these components may explain the signal heterogeneity observed on MRI."

Line 9:197 · Use the Oxford comma in 'patients, calcification and sequestered'.

"Metastatic spread of chordomas is observed in 7-14% of patients and includes nodal, pulmonary, bone, cerebral or abdominal visceral involvement, predominantly from massive tumours ¹²."

Line 88:99 · Use the Oxford comma in 'bone, cerebral or abdominal'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"The clival region is the second most common location, accounting for 30-35% of cases ^2,3. Typically the mass projects posteriorly at midline, indenting the pons; this characteristic appearance has been termed the so-called thumb sign. In contrast to sacrococcygeal tumours, there is no recognised gender difference."

Line 29:175 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"usually hyper-attenuating relative to adjacent brain; however, inhomogenous areas may be seen due to necrosis or haemorrhage"

Line 51:60 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"Histological subtype also has a substantial impact on prognosis with chondroid chordoma having the best prognosis and dedifferentiated chordoma the worst prognosis; the more common conventional chordoma having intermediate prognosis ^14,15."

Line 90:167 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"hypointense on T1; variably hyperintense on T2"

Line 125:25 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Links

notochord-2