Radiopaedia Helpers

Words We Never Use

error

"Compressed sensing is an advanced MRI reconstruction technique that accelerates image acquisition by undersampling k-space data and reconstructing images using sparsity and iterative algorithms ¹. It enables faster scans, reduced motion artefacts, and improved patient comfort, while maintaining diagnostic image quality ³."

Line 1:283 · Radiopaedia always uses 'artifacts' rather than 'artefacts'.

"incoherent undersampling: random undersampling of k-space spreads artefacts as noise rather than structured aliasing"

Line 15:74 · Radiopaedia always uses 'artifacts' rather than 'artefacts'.

"potential artefacts: residual undersampling artefacts or “noise-like” patterns may be introduced if acceleration is excessive"

Line 31:18 · Radiopaedia always uses 'artifacts' rather than 'artefacts'.

"potential artefacts: residual undersampling artefacts or “noise-like” patterns may be introduced if acceleration is excessive"

Line 31:52 · Radiopaedia always uses 'artifacts' rather than 'artefacts'.

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"k-space data are acquired with pseudo-random sampling patterns ^1,3"

Line 21:39 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'pseudo-random'.

En Dash

error

"Compressed sensing was developed in the mid-2000s by Emmanuel Candès, Terence Tao, and David DonohoEarly CS-MRI implementations appeared in 2007–2008 research publications ¹. Commercial integration into MRI scanners began in the mid-2010s, with cardiac MRI leading the adoption."

Line 35:148 · Use a hyphen-minus ('-') instead of an en-dash ('–').

Colons

warning

"sparsity: MR images are sparse in certain transform domains (e.g. wavelets, discrete cosine)"

Line 14:16 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': MR images'.

Acronyms

warning

"TE, TR, and flip angle remain sequence dependent; compressed sensing primarily alters k-space coverage and reconstruction, not inherent tissue contrast"

Line 23:11 · 'TE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"TE, TR, and flip angle remain sequence dependent; compressed sensing primarily alters k-space coverage and reconstruction, not inherent tissue contrast"

Line 23:22 · 'TR' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"often combined with parallel imaging (SENSE, GRAPPA) and/or deep learning reconstruction to further accelerate scans ^1-3"

Line 24:46 · 'SENSE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"often combined with parallel imaging (SENSE, GRAPPA) and/or deep learning reconstruction to further accelerate scans ^1-3"

Line 24:53 · 'GRAPPA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Clinical applications
H2 Indications
H2 Contraindications
H1 Technique
H2 Physical principles
H2 Device structure
H2 Device function
H2 Image acquisition
H2 Image reconstruction
H2 Post-processing
H2 Technical advances
H2 Protocols
H1 Interpretation
H2 Normal values
H2 Limitations
H2 Pitfalls and artifacts
H1 History and etymology
H1 Practical points
H1 Related articles
H1 See also

"Limitations"

Line 28:1 · "Limitations" should be H2, not H1.

Semicolons

suggestion

"cardiac MRI: shortens breath-hold sequences; improves dynamic imaging (cine, perfusion, late gadolinium enhancement) ⁴"

Line 5:51 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"neuroimaging: accelerates 3D structural imaging (e.g. MPRAGE, FLAIR); used in angiography (time-of-flight MRA)"

Line 6:83 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"TE, TR, and flip angle remain sequence dependent; compressed sensing primarily alters k-space coverage and reconstruction, not inherent tissue contrast"

Line 23:77 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Inline EG

suggestion

"neuroimaging: accelerates 3D structural imaging (e.g. MPRAGE, FLAIR); used in angiography (time-of-flight MRA)"

Line 6:56 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"sparsity: MR images are sparse in certain transform domains (e.g. wavelets, discrete cosine)"

Line 14:68 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

Lint: compressed-sensing