Radiopaedia Helpers

Headings Spacing

error

"Clinical presentation "

Line 4:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"Usually, the tumour is homogeneous pre-treatment, however, in a minority of patients areas of necrosis may be present."

Line 42:39 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'pre-treatment,'.

"enhancement can be seen post-radiotherapy"

Line 60:32 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-radiotherapy'.

Strong List Colon Position

error

"T1: hypointense"

Line 47:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T1: hypointense'

"T2: "

Line 49:4 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T2: '

"T1 C+ (Gd): "

Line 56:4 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T1 C+ (Gd): '

"DWI/ADC:"

Line 64:4 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'DWI/ADC:'

"T2*/SWI: areas of marked hypointensity/blooming in cases of intralesional haemorrhage ⁵"

Line 70:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. 'T2*/SWI: areas'

EG List And

warning

"Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered is a specific entity that represents the majority of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, although identical tumours are also found elsewhere in the midline (e.g. brainstem, spinal cord and thalamus) ¹. They are aggressive tumours with a poor prognosis and are considered WHO grade 4 tumours regardless of histological features ^1,3,4."

Line 1:223 · An e.g. list gives selected examples, so it should not end with 'and' or 'or': 'e.g. brainstem, spinal cord and'.

Acronyms

warning

"GFAP: variable"

Line 31:11 · 'GFAP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Importantly, unlike adult diffuse gliomas, mutations of IDH, CDKN2A and/or CDKN2B deletions, TERT promoter mutations, and MGMT promoter methylation are rare in diffuse midline gliomas, H3 K27-altered ⁴."

Line 35:97 · 'TERT' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

List Caps

warning

"NeuN: negative"

Line 33:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Emphasis

warning

"These mutations are in the histone H3F3A gene (K27M mutations) or less frequently HIST1H3B and HIST2H3C genes ^2,3."

Line 38:39 · Italics should be used only in exceptional circumstances: 'H3F3A gene (K27M mutations) or less frequently HIST1H3B'

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Clinical presentation "

Line 4:1 · "Clinical presentation " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"The clinical presentation depends upon the location of the tumour. Typically patients with brainstem tumours present with multiple cranial nerve palsies, depending on the location of the tumour, and signs of raised intracranial pressure. Cerebellar signs may also be elicited including ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus and sleep apnoea."

Line 5:305 · Use the Oxford comma in 'dysarthria, nystagmus and sleep'.

Commas

suggestion

"Importantly, unlike adult diffuse gliomas, mutations of IDH, CDKN2A and/or CDKN2B deletions, TERT promoter mutations, and MGMT promoter methylation are rare in diffuse midline gliomas, H3 K27-altered ⁴."

Line 35:15 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

Lint: diffuse-midline-glioma-h3-k27-altered