"Although the terms astrocytic gliosis or astrocytosis are often used interchangeably with gliosis, other glial cells, particularly microglia as well as oligodendrocytes and ependymocytes, can also undergo activation in response to injury (see below) and thus the terms are considered synonymous by some authors."
"Although the terms astrocytic gliosis or astrocytosis are often used interchangeably with gliosis, other glial cells, particularly microglia as well as oligodendrocytes and ependymocytes, can also undergo activation in response to injury (see below) and thus the terms are considered synonymous by some authors."
"Astrocytosis involves the proliferation and hypertrophy of astrocytes, through complex molecular and cellular pathways, although, despite this increase in cell number, mitotic figures and markers of mitosis (e.g. Ki 67 or Mib-1 stains) do not demonstrate high proliferation 1,3. Their nuclei enlarge with prominent nucleoli. The cytoplasm becomes more prominently eosinophilic around the nuclei and there is also an increase in the intermediate filaments GFAP, nestin, and vimentin which can be identified immunohistochemically 2,3."
"Importantly, gliosis is not synonymous with encephalomalacia, which is the end result of liquefactive necrosis of brain parenchyma following an insult, although radiologically they share some features and they often coexist during the early and intermediate responses to injury, with gliosis waning with time, leaving behind a gliotic scar 1,2. Generally, encephalomalacia should be used to refer to areas of the brain that are missing, whereas gliosis should be used when parenchyma is atrophic and of high T2 signal."