"T1: variable but usually hypointense, less commonly hyperintensity has been reported"
"T2: hypointense"
"GRE/SWI: hypointense"
"Studies reporting prevalence of CNS involvement in haemochromatosis vary significantly, with rates of symptomatic pituitary gland involvement ranging from 6-100% depending on study size 1. It is likely that the true prevalence is low 1."
"Type 1 primary haemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive condition due to a defect in the HFE gene, responsible for the HFE protein 5,6. The HFE protein interacts with transferrin receptors to reduce their affinity for transferrin and with hepcidin, thereby regulating iron transport 5,6. Other forms of primary haemochromatosis are due to other genetic mutations. Secondary haemochromatosis, on the other hand, is associated with chronic blood transfusions or conditions with high erythropoietic requirements (e.g. thalassaemia) 6."
"Type 1 primary haemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive condition due to a defect in the HFE gene, responsible for the HFE protein 5,6. The HFE protein interacts with transferrin receptors to reduce their affinity for transferrin and with hepcidin, thereby regulating iron transport 5,6. Other forms of primary haemochromatosis are due to other genetic mutations. Secondary haemochromatosis, on the other hand, is associated with chronic blood transfusions or conditions with high erythropoietic requirements (e.g. thalassaemia) 6."
"In regards to parenchymal siderosis, the HFE protein has been shown to be present in some cerebral blood vessels, potentially leading to parenchymal iron deposition, especially in the basal ganglia, resulting in various movement disorders 7-9. Furthermore, injury or impairment to the blood-brain barrier, such as impairment which can occur naturally through ageing, can also increase the risk of parenchymal siderosis 7-9."
"For a general discussion; and for links to other system-specific manifestations, please refer to the article on haemochromatosis."
"movement disorders (e.g., Parkinsonism, chorea, myoclonus, ataxia, dystonia, tremor) 3,4"
"The regions classically affected include the choroid plexus (termed the 'MR choroid plexus sign' in one study 12), anterior pituitary gland, and circumventricular organs (e.g. pineal gland, area postrema), however, deposition within the basal ganglia has also been reported 3,10,11."
"In regards to parenchymal siderosis, the HFE protein has been shown to be present in some cerebral blood vessels, potentially leading to parenchymal iron deposition, especially in the basal ganglia, resulting in various movement disorders 7-9. Furthermore, injury or impairment to the blood-brain barrier, such as impairment which can occur naturally through ageing, can also increase the risk of parenchymal siderosis 7-9."