Radiopaedia Helpers

mri-sequences-overview

Uncomparables

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"For a more complete and accurate discussion please refer to MRI pulse sequences."

Line 2:10 · 'more complete' is not comparable

Strong

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"T1 weighted (T1W)"

Line 7:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'T1 weighted (T1W)'

"T2 weighted (T2W)"

Line 13:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'T2 weighted (T2W)'

"proton density (PD)fat suppressed"

Line 20:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'proton '

"proton density (PD)fat suppressed"

Line 20:25 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'density (PD)'

"flow sensitive"

Line 24:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'flow sensitive'

"miscellaneous"

Line 31:1 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'miscellaneous'

Acronyms

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"SPACE sequence"

Line 35:8 · 'SPACE' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Headings Case

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"MR spectroscopy"

Line 157:5 · 'MR spectroscopy' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"MR perfusion"

Line 160:5 · 'MR perfusion' should use sentence-style capitalization.

Headings Valid

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Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Overview"

Line 3:1 · "Overview" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Intensity"

Line 44:1 · "Intensity" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Diffusion"

Line 60:1 · "Diffusion" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"T1 weighted sequences"

Line 62:1 · "T1 weighted sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Contrast enhanced"

Line 76:1 · "Contrast enhanced" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Fat suppression"

Line 78:1 · "Fat suppression" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"T2 weighted sequences"

Line 83:1 · "T2 weighted sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Fat suppressed"

Line 96:1 · "Fat suppressed" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Fluid attenuated"

Line 99:1 · "Fluid attenuated" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Susceptibility sensitive sequences"

Line 102:1 · "Susceptibility sensitive sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Proton density weighted sequences"

Line 105:1 · "Proton density weighted sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Diffusion weighted sequences"

Line 116:1 · "Diffusion weighted sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"DWI"

Line 125:1 · "DWI" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"ADC"

Line 136:1 · "ADC" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"B=0"

Line 147:1 · "B=0" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Flow sensitive sequences"

Line 150:1 · "Flow sensitive sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Miscellaneous sequences"

Line 155:1 · "Miscellaneous sequences" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"MR spectroscopy"

Line 157:1 · "MR spectroscopy" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"MR perfusion"

Line 160:1 · "MR perfusion" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Functional MRI"

Line 163:1 · "Functional MRI" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Tractography"

Line 166:1 · "Tractography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Semicolons

suggestion

"Annoyingly these relative terms are used without reference to the tissue being used as the comparison. In some instances this does not lead to any problems; for example, a hyperintense lesion in the middle of the liver is clearly hyperintense compared to the surrounding liver parenchyma. In many other situations however use of relative terms leads to potential confusion. Imagine a lesion within the ventricles of the brain described as "hypointense". Does this denote a lesion darker than CSF or than the adjacent brain?"

Line 57:159 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"Given that nuclear magnetic resonance of protons (hydrogen ions) forms the major basis of MRI, it is not surprising that signal can be weighted to reflect the actual density of protons; an intermediate sequence sharing some features of both T1 and T2."

Line 106:188 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Inline EG

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"fluid (e.g. urine, CSF): low signal intensity (black)"

Line 66:11 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"fluid (e.g. urine, CSF): high signal intensity (white)"

Line 86:11 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"fluid (e.g. joint fluid, CSF): high signal intensity (white)"

Line 110:11 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

Parentheses

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"The most commonly used contrast agents in MRI are gadolinium based. At the concentrations used, these agents have the effect of causing T1 signal to be increased (this is sometimes confusingly referred to as T1 shortening). The contrast is injected intravenously (typically 5-15 mL) and scans are obtained a few minutes after administration. Pathological tissues (tumours, areas of inflammation/infection) will demonstrate accumulation of contrast (mostly due to leaky blood vessels) and therefore appear as brighter than surrounding tissue. Often post contrast T1 sequences are also fat suppressed (see below) to make this easier to appreciate."

Line 77:173 · Use parentheses judiciously. There are at least 3 sets in this paragraph.

Oxford Comma

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"Typically you will find three sets of images when diffusion weighted imaging is performed: DWI, ADC and B=0 images."

Line 124:95 · Use the Oxford comma in 'DWI, ADC and B'.

"One of the great advantages of MRI is its ability to image physiological flow of fluids (e.g. blood flow) often without the need for intravenous contrast. This allows for the imaging of arteries, veins and CSF flow."

Line 151:190 · Use the Oxford comma in 'arteries, veins and CSF'.

Links

mri-pulse-sequences-1