Radiopaedia Helpers

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"Post-contrast fat-saturated 3D FLAIR has been shown to be superior in detecting enhancement in areas of active disease, both surrounding the cochlear as well as within the cochlear itself, most often the basal turn^30,31."

Line 118:4 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-contrast'.

"Pre-operative imaging"

Line 123:5 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Pre-operative'.

"Post-operative imaging"

Line 133:5 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-operative'.

"Post-operative imaging should evaluate"

Line 134:4 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-operative'.

Strong

warning

"The term otosclerosis is preferred in clinical practice and dominates the literature. Strictly, it only refers to the inactive late phase of the disease."

Line 3:13 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'otosclerosis'

"The term otosclerosis is preferred in clinical practice and dominates the literature. Strictly, it only refers to the inactive late phase of the disease."

Line 3:173 · Generally, don't use bold in text: '.'

"Much of the clinical course is characterised by osteolytic rather than sclerotic bone, and it is this phase that is most easily seen on imaging. As such, head and neck radiologists often prefer the term otospongiosis."

Line 4:207 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'otospongiosis'

"Otosclerosis most commonly presents with hearing loss, most often conductive, but can also be sensorineural or mixed, and is frequently bilateral ^3,9. The clinical course is usually slowly progressive over the years. Hearing loss may be exacerbated by pregnancy ⁶. Hearing loss is variably accompanied by tinnitus and vestibular symptoms ¹⁵."

Line 11:126 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'or mixed, and is frequently bilateral '

Headings Case

warning

"CT grading system (Symons and Fanning)"

Line 88:5 · 'CT grading system (Symons and Fanning)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

Litotes

warning

"CT is not considered reliable in the evaluation of intravestibular protrusion of stapes prostheses (given heterogeneity in criteria and presence of artifacts due to the presence of the prostheses) ¹⁵."

Line 142:10 · Consider using 'ignored' instead of 'not considered'

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Subtypes"

Line 20:1 · "Subtypes" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CT grading system (Symons and Fanning)"

Line 88:1 · "CT grading system (Symons and Fanning)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Pre-operative imaging"

Line 123:1 · "Pre-operative imaging" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Post-operative imaging"

Line 133:1 · "Post-operative imaging" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"Much of the clinical course is characterised by osteolytic rather than sclerotic bone, and it is this phase that is most easily seen on imaging. As such, head and neck radiologists often prefer the term otospongiosis."

Line 4:152 · Use the Oxford comma in 'such, head and neck'.

"solely fenestral, either spongiotic or sclerotic lesions, evident as a thickened stapes footplate, and/or decalcified, narrowed or enlarged round or oval windows"

Line 97:118 · Use the Oxford comma in 'decalcified, narrowed or enlarged'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"Symptomatic otosclerosis is relatively common, affecting 0.1-1% of the population, typically presenting during the 4th and 5th decades; however, because symptoms tend to worsen gradually, it is often difficult to precisely determine the onset ^6,17. It is responsible for 18% to 22% of conductive hearing loss cases ¹⁶."

Line 7:138 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"On otoscopy, there are usually minimal or no findings, except in severe cases where cochlear involvement can result in hyperaemia of the cochlear promontory (Schwartze sign) ^1-3. On pure-tone audiometry, there may be a characteristic decrease in bone conduction at 2000 Hz (Carhart notch). Tympanometry usually shows a type A tympanogram; stapedial reflexes are often absent or can exhibit a two-staged pattern (on-off stapedial reflexes)."

Line 12:366 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"involvement of the round window niche, which when present usually accompanies fenestral disease ¹²; however, isolated round window otosclerosis can occur on occasion ^12,13"

Line 63:124 · Use semicolons judiciously.

There Is

suggestion

"There are two subtypes:"

Line 21:4 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.

Biographical Lifespan

suggestion

"History and etymology"

Line 161:1 · A bold element in the History and etymology section should be a person; it would be useful to have their lifespan details: '<h4>History and etymology</h4> It was first described by the Italian anatomist, Antonio Maria '

Lint: otospongiosis-1