"meningioma(s), leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, tuberculosis"
"The differential for papilloedema includes other causes of optic disc oedema (e.g. optic neuropathy, hypertensive retinopathy, papillitis, and orbital tumours) as well as pseudoedema (pseudopapilloedema) (e.g. from optic disc drusen) 2,3."
Expected headings
"CT and MRI"
"Papilloedema can be asymptomatic. When symptomatic, it may result in transient visual obscurations, lasting seconds to short minutes, often triggered by change in posture (e.g. bending over), and visual field loss (e.g. peripheral field loss, scotoma) 13,14. Patients may have other clinical features depending on the cause of the papilloedema (e.g. headache)."
"Fundoscopically, patients with papilloedema have optic disc swelling 14. In particular, there may be blurred optic disc margins, hyperaemia, elevation of the optic nerve head, obscuration of blood vessels, peripapillary haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and Paton lines 14. The severity can be graded via the Frisén scale, graded from 0 (normal) to 5 (severe) 14. Over time, postpapilloedema optic (disc) atrophy may develop, more likely to occur in more severe cases of papilloedema 15."
"Papilloedema can be asymptomatic. When symptomatic, it may result in transient visual obscurations, lasting seconds to short minutes, often triggered by change in posture (e.g. bending over), and visual field loss (e.g. peripheral field loss, scotoma) 13,14. Patients may have other clinical features depending on the cause of the papilloedema (e.g. headache)."