Radiopaedia Helpers

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"Post-contrast and especially thin-section dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging is an important part of a pituitary MRI and has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy ^2,3. However, subtle morphology changes may still be identified in non-contrast images. These include bulkiness of the gland on the side of the microadenoma, subtle remodelling of the floor of the sella and deviation of the pituitary infundibulum away from the adenoma ²."

Line 11:4 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-contrast'.

Strong List Colon Position

error

"T1: usually isointense to normal pituitary"

Line 13:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>T1:</strong> usually'

"T2: variable, but often a little hyperintense"

Line 21:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. '<strong>T2:</strong> variable'

Headings Spacing

error

"Differential diagnosis "

Line 31:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

Ranges

warning

"Although CT is able to detect up to 80-90% of microadenomas between 5-10 mm in size, it is a highly specialised technique, radiologist-dependent, and has difficulty in identifying smaller nodules ². The advent of MRI means that CT is generally no longer used for this indication, relegating it to imaging the base of skull for bony anatomy to aid in surgical planning. However, photon counting CT is being investigated as a technique for identifying MRI occult ACTH secreting adenomas^8,9."

Line 8:64 · Don't add words such as 'from' or 'between' to describe a range of numbers.

Prefix Hyphens

warning

"delayed images are variable, ranging from hypo-enhancement (most common) to isointense to the rest of the gland, to hyperintense (retained contrast)"

Line 18:50 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'hypo-enhancement'.

"confirm the presence of a microadenoma, rather than a non-pituitary source ⁴;this is especially the case of Cushing disease, as there are many sources of extra-pituitary ACTH (e.g. some lung cancers)"

Line 28:192 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'extra-pituitary'.

"no enhancement rather than hypo-enhancement"

Line 40:39 · A prefix takes a hyphen only to avoid a duplicate letter: 'hypo-enhancement'.

List Caps

warning

"Rathke cleft cyst"

Line 39:7 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Inferior petrosal sinus sampling"

Line 25:1 · "Inferior petrosal sinus sampling" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Differential diagnosis "

Line 31:1 · "Differential diagnosis " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"For a general discussion, including epidemiology, detailed clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis, please refer to the article on pituitary adenomas."

Line 3:72 · Use the Oxford comma in 'presentation, treatment and prognosis'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"dynamic sequences demonstrate a rounded region of delayed enhancement compared to the rest of the gland ¹; it takes 90 to 120 seconds for microadenoma to enhance while the normal anterior pituitary takes only 60 to 80 seconds to enhance ⁶"

Line 17:124 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Inline EG

suggestion

"confirm the presence of a microadenoma, rather than a non-pituitary source ⁴;this is especially the case of Cushing disease, as there are many sources of extra-pituitary ACTH (e.g. some lung cancers)"

Line 28:213 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

Lint: pituitary-microadenoma