"PTEN-related diseases, also known as PTEN hamartoma tumour syndromes, share mutations in the PTEN gene and share clinical and radiological manifestations characterised by hamartomas and tumours in various parts of the body."
"When a patient has a PTEN mutation but whose phenotype does not formally fulfil the criteria of a specific PTEN-related disease, they may be described more broadly as having a PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome 1,2."
"The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene, located on chromosome 10, is a tumour suppressor gene. The product of the PTEN gene is a phosphatase involved in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway that regulates cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and neuronal migration. When PTEN is inactivated due to mutations, there is a resultant elevation of phosphorylated AKT, which in turn promotes cell proliferation and increases cell survival 3."
"PTEN-related diseases include 1,2:"
"The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene, located on chromosome 10, is a tumour suppressor gene. The product of the PTEN gene is a phosphatase involved in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway that regulates cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and neuronal migration. When PTEN is inactivated due to mutations, there is a resultant elevation of phosphorylated AKT, which in turn promotes cell proliferation and increases cell survival 3."
"The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene, located on chromosome 10, is a tumour suppressor gene. The product of the PTEN gene is a phosphatase involved in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway that regulates cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and neuronal migration. When PTEN is inactivated due to mutations, there is a resultant elevation of phosphorylated AKT, which in turn promotes cell proliferation and increases cell survival 3."
"The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene, located on chromosome 10, is a tumour suppressor gene. The product of the PTEN gene is a phosphatase involved in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway that regulates cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and neuronal migration. When PTEN is inactivated due to mutations, there is a resultant elevation of phosphorylated AKT, which in turn promotes cell proliferation and increases cell survival 3."
"The PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene, located on chromosome 10, is a tumour suppressor gene. The product of the PTEN gene is a phosphatase involved in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway that regulates cell division, differentiation, apoptosis and neuronal migration. When PTEN is inactivated due to mutations, there is a resultant elevation of phosphorylated AKT, which in turn promotes cell proliferation and increases cell survival 3."