"Regional nodes found to be greater than 5mm on post-treatment imaging should be considered to be involved 13."
"Although the inter-observer reproducibility of mrTRG is good, mrTRG is not a surrogate for pTRG, recent work has demonstrated a lack of correlation between mrTRG and pTRG 3. The grading system, however, provides the multidisciplinary team meeting with a less vague description of response than partial, complete or no response."
"change in EMVI and tumour deposits"
Expected headings
"Primary tumour"
"Lymph nodes"
"Tumour regression grade"
"Pitfalls"
"Template report"
"Assessment of rectal cancer response to therapy, which may be chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination, relies on the synthesis of clinical, endoscopic and radiologic evaluation."
"Although the inter-observer reproducibility of mrTRG is good, mrTRG is not a surrogate for pTRG, recent work has demonstrated a lack of correlation between mrTRG and pTRG 3. The grading system, however, provides the multidisciplinary team meeting with a less vague description of response than partial, complete or no response."
"category of response (complete/near-complete, partial or poor)"
"For patients who have undergone a complete response, the 2-year tumour regrowth rate is 25%; the vast majority (97%) are on the luminal side, and the follow-up program includes frequent MRI studies as well as clinical and endoscopic evaluation 8."
"The main pitfalls arise with diffusion-weighted imaging. High signal on the DWI images should be cross-referenced with the ADC map to ensure that it is true restricted diffusion rather than T2 shine through. Low signal on the ADC map should be cross-referenced with the DWI images before being interpreted as residual tumour; high signal on the DWI images indicate true restricted diffusion and therefore likely residual tumour, whereas low signal on the DWI and T2 images indicate fibrosis. Signal change in a star shape is likely to be due to luminal fluid, whereas focal or U shaped signal change is more likely to be tumour related 1. DWI is not useful for the assessment of mucinous tumours due to the inherent high T2 signal of mucin. Finally, susceptibility artifact may occur due to gas within the lumen causing misleading signal change at the interface with the rectal wall, and research is underway to investigate whether microenemas may reduce this artifact."