"The pulmonary lobule, with many smaller subcompartments, was first described by Thomas Willis in the 17th century 6,7. George Rindfleisch (1817-1905) later redefined the pulmonary lobule as a septa-lined structure supplied by a pulmonary bronchiole, with branching alveolar ducts forming sublobular "acini" 6,7."
"Subsequently Rudolph Kolliker (1817-1905) showed that small airways exist as a continuum from the purely conductive terminal bronchiole, to partially-conductive respiratory bronchiole (both bronchiolar epithelial and alveolar walls), to alveolar ducts leading to alveoli 6,9. Thus, Rindfleisch's definition needed refinement."
"The classic description of pulmonary lobules was proposed by William Snow Miller (1858-1939) 6,10. He considered the "primary lobule" to be the fundamental unit of the lung, defined as the structures distal to the respiratory bronchiole i.e. those exclusively devoted to gas-exchange. By contrast, Miller described the "secondary pulmonary lobule" as higher level structures outlined by interstitial septa, similar to Rindfleisch."
Expected headings
"Gross anatomy"
"Septal structures"
"Centrilobular structures"
"Lobular parenchyma"
"Lymphatics"
"There are two sets of lymphatics:"
"History and etymology"