"type II: tear of the superior peroneal retinaculum at its attachment to the distal fibula"
"type III: distal fibular avulsion fracture along with a tear of the retinaculum at the attachment of the retinaculum to the lateral malleolus"
"type IV: tear of the retinaculum at its posterior attachment"
"type II: tear near or at its fibular attachment; thickening is non-specific and can occur in asymptomatic individuals"
"Treatment of acute and chronic injuries varies. Plaster immobilisation is initially attempted, particularly with acute dislocations while surgery is reserved for patients with painful, chronic, unstable dislocations ref. Surgical approaches include reattachment/repair, retromalleolar groove deepening, bone grafts, and or tendon/periosteal flaps 9."