"classic testicular microlithiasis: ≥5 microcalcifications per field of view"
"Ultrasound is the modality of choice for examining the testes. Microlithiasis appears as small non-shadowing hyperechoic foci ranging in diameter from 1-3 mm 17. These foci, often uniformly sized, occur within the testicular parenchyma and, although usually distributed uniformly, may be clustered or distributed peripherally or segmentally 2,12."
Expected headings
"Associations"
"Testicular microlithiasis is, in itself, asymptomatic and benign. A relationship with testicular tumours, in particular germ cell tumours (GCTs) is controversial. An ~12 fold increased risk of GCT in symptomatic testes with microlithiasis has been reported (with microlithiasis found in approximately 50% of GCT cases), however, no increased risk has been found in asymptomatic testes. It is also unclear whether early detection confers any benefit over self-exam. As such, screening is unlikely to be beneficial 1,14."
"testicular atrophy (e.g. volume under 12 cc)"