"iatrogenic (e.g. post-ENT surgery)"
"post-infective (Grisel syndrome) from sinusitis, otomastoiditis, retropharyngeal abscess, etc."
"iatrogenic (e.g. post-ENT surgery)"
Expected headings
"Congenital"
"Acquired"
"Associations"
"Terminology around torticollis is inconsistent with overlapping definitions for congenital muscular torticollis, atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF), and sternomastoid imbalance 4,7; however, these terms reflect a specific diagnosis 1,7 rather than the clinical examination finding."
"The imaging strategy is highly dependent on the age of the patient, clinical presentation (painful vs painless; intermittent vs constant), and any associated musculoskeletal or neurological examination findings 1,5,7."
"iatrogenic (e.g. post-ENT surgery)"