"While it may be characteristic, the trident sign is often not present in cases of spinal cord neurosarcoidosis; for example, it was not found in any cases in one large case series of patients with the condition 4. Furthermore, while potentially useful in differentiating neurosarcoidosis from other causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis 3, the trident sign is not entirely specific and can rarely be seen in other pathologies (e.g. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy 6, spinal cord primary CNS lymphoma 7, autoimmune glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy 9, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) 10-12, other granulomatous transverse myelitis 13)."
"A reverse trident sign has also been described in one case report of spinal cord neurosarcoidosis 8. In this case, there was central canal and ventral subpial enhancement, sparing the dorsal structures, hence, reversing the trident sign appearance 8."
"While it may be characteristic, the trident sign is often not present in cases of spinal cord neurosarcoidosis; for example, it was not found in any cases in one large case series of patients with the condition 4. Furthermore, while potentially useful in differentiating neurosarcoidosis from other causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis 3, the trident sign is not entirely specific and can rarely be seen in other pathologies (e.g. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy 6, spinal cord primary CNS lymphoma 7, autoimmune glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy 9, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) 10-12, other granulomatous transverse myelitis 13)."
"While it may be characteristic, the trident sign is often not present in cases of spinal cord neurosarcoidosis; for example, it was not found in any cases in one large case series of patients with the condition 4. Furthermore, while potentially useful in differentiating neurosarcoidosis from other causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis 3, the trident sign is not entirely specific and can rarely be seen in other pathologies (e.g. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy 6, spinal cord primary CNS lymphoma 7, autoimmune glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy 9, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) 10-12, other granulomatous transverse myelitis 13)."
"While it may be characteristic, the trident sign is often not present in cases of spinal cord neurosarcoidosis; for example, it was not found in any cases in one large case series of patients with the condition 4. Furthermore, while potentially useful in differentiating neurosarcoidosis from other causes of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis 3, the trident sign is not entirely specific and can rarely be seen in other pathologies (e.g. HTLV-1-associated myelopathy 6, spinal cord primary CNS lymphoma 7, autoimmune glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy 9, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) 10-12, other granulomatous transverse myelitis 13)."
"History and etymology"