Radiopaedia Helpers

Adjectival Hyphens

error

"acquired: post-surgical or sequela of aortitis (e.g. syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu arteritis, etc.)"

Line 20:35 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'post-surgical'.

"Post-stenotic dilatation of the ascending aorta may be present ¹¹."

Line 99:7 · Only use medical adjectival hyphens where the letters at the end and start of the compound word are the same, e.g. post-transplant. In this case, don't use the hyphen: 'Post-stenotic'.

Citation Preceding Space

error

"aortic valve area indexed to body surface area (AVA/BSA) >0.85 cm²/m²"

Line 74:87 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '2'

"AVA/BSA 0.60-0.85 cm²/m²"

Line 83:42 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '2'

"AVA/BSA"

Line 92:38 · Citations must have a preceding space, e.g. needs evidence 2. '2'

Acronyms

warning

"Aortic stenosis in adults is most commonly caused by degenerative calcification, especially in the setting of congenital aortic valve disease (most commonly a bicuspid aortic valve), chronic trileaflet deterioration, or previous rheumatic heart disease affecting the aortic valve ^1,2. This degenerative calcification shares many similarities to the process of atherosclerosis, and many of the risk factors are the same, such as low HDL, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome ^1,2."

Line 9:475 · 'HDL' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"aortic valve area indexed to body surface area (AVA/BSA) >0.85 cm²/m²"

Line 74:60 · 'BSA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AVA/BSA 0.60-0.85 cm²/m²"

Line 83:12 · 'BSA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AVA/BSA"

Line 92:12 · 'BSA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"dynamic assessment on cine GRE or b-SSEP"

Line 113:40 · 'SSEP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Litotes

warning

"There are numerous other predisposing factors and causes of aortic stenosis. These can be classified by their anatomical position (supravalvular vs valvular vs subvalvular) and whether they are congenital or acquired aetiologies ^1,2,4. Of note, supravalvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis often do not have the same degenerative pathogenesis as valvular aortic stenosis ¹."

Line 14:315 · Consider using 'lack(s)' instead of 'not have'

"hypertrophic subaortic stenosis associated with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, generally not considered true aortic stenosis"

Line 50:114 · Consider using 'ignored' instead of 'not considered'

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"Echocardiography"

Line 61:1 · "Echocardiography" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Complications"

Line 128:1 · "Complications" is under the wrong parent heading (found under "Treatment and prognosis").

Commas

suggestion

"Aortic stenosis in adults is most commonly caused by degenerative calcification, especially in the setting of congenital aortic valve disease (most commonly a bicuspid aortic valve), chronic trileaflet deterioration, or previous rheumatic heart disease affecting the aortic valve ^1,2. This degenerative calcification shares many similarities to the process of atherosclerosis, and many of the risk factors are the same, such as low HDL, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome ^1,2."

Line 9:418 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

There Is

suggestion

"There are numerous other predisposing factors and causes of aortic stenosis. These can be classified by their anatomical position (supravalvular vs valvular vs subvalvular) and whether they are congenital or acquired aetiologies ^1,2,4. Of note, supravalvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis often do not have the same degenerative pathogenesis as valvular aortic stenosis ¹."

Line 14:4 · Don't start a sentence with 'There are'.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"There are numerous other predisposing factors and causes of aortic stenosis. These can be classified by their anatomical position (supravalvular vs valvular vs subvalvular) and whether they are congenital or acquired aetiologies ^1,2,4. Of note, supravalvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis often do not have the same degenerative pathogenesis as valvular aortic stenosis ¹."

Line 14:254 · Use the Oxford comma in 'note, supravalvular and subvalvular'.

Inline EG

suggestion

"congenital: isolated or in syndromic association (e.g. Williams syndrome)"

Line 19:74 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

"acquired: post-surgical or sequela of aortitis (e.g. syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu arteritis, etc.)"

Line 20:79 · Consider replacing a bracketed e.g. with an inline e.g. after a comma.

Semicolons

suggestion

"bicuspid aortic valve: deformed aortic valves with two functional leaflets or cusps which are often unequal in size (60%); a calcified bicuspid aortic valve is considered the most frequent form of adult aortic valve stenosis"

Line 28:136 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Lint: aortic-stenosis