"basilar invagination: congenital upward displacement of vertebral elements into a normal foramen magnum with normal bone"
"basilar impression: upward displacement of the dens due to acquired softening of bones at the base of skull"
"cranial settling: used instead of basilar impression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; affects 5-10% 2,3"
"platybasia: skull base flattening that can present with basilar invagination"
"cranial settling: used instead of basilar impression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; affects 5-10% 2,3"
"Five lines have been described and used by most radiologists to evaluate basilar invagination on frontal and lateral skull plain radiographs as well as coronal and midsagittal reconstructed CT and MRI images."
"digastric line: the tip of the odontoid process is normally located 11-21 mm below this line"
"digastric line: the tip of the odontoid process is normally located 11-21 mm below this line"
"bimastoid line: the tip of the odontoid process projects normally not more than 10 mm above this line"
"bimastoid line: the tip of the odontoid process projects normally not more than 10 mm above this line"
"Chamberlain line: connecting the posterior border of hard palate and opisthion"
"McGregor line: connecting the posterior edge of the hard palate to the most caudal point of the occipital curve"
"Common causes can be recalled using the mnemonic PF ROACH."
"Common causes can be recalled using the mnemonic PF ROACH."
"Jefferson fracture 11"
"Chiari 1 malformation"
"Chiari 2 malformation"
"McRae line: connecting basion and opisthion"
"Chamberlain line: connecting the posterior border of hard palate and opisthion"
"McGregor line: connecting the posterior edge of the hard palate to the most caudal point of the occipital curve"
Expected headings
"Congenital"
"Acquired"
"Types"
"Associations"
"Frontal image"
"Lateral image"
"cranial settling: used instead of basilar impression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; affects 5-10% 2,3"
"Symptoms include weakness, neck pain, bowel and bladder disturbance and/or paraesthesia 7."
"Basilar invagination may be congenital or acquired and is often associated with platybasia. There is stenosis of the foramen magnum and compression of the medulla oblongata resulting in neurological symptoms, obstructive hydrocephalus, syringomyelia or even death."
"Basilar invagination may be congenital or acquired and is often associated with platybasia. There is stenosis of the foramen magnum and compression of the medulla oblongata resulting in neurological symptoms, obstructive hydrocephalus, syringomyelia or even death."