"Madelung deformity"
Expected headings
"Associations"
"Plain radiograph"
"MRI"
"Patients may present with pain in particular associated with loading activity or certain movements, weakened grip, snapping, popping or clicking sensation while grasping."
"The carpal arcs or Gilula’s lines can be assessed in the frontal view. The proximal surface of the capitate and hamate bones forming the distal carpal arc, the distal and proximal surfaces of the scaphoid lunate and triquetral bone should be discernable, uninterrupted and parallelling each other."
"Alignment of radius, lunate and capitate is assessed on the lateral view. The scapholunate angle and the capitolunate angle can be assessed 4,5:"
"MRI can depict ligament injury and can give further insights in respect to the underlying pathology of carpal instability including scaphoid fracture, scaphoid osteonecrosis, scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligament injury, and triangular fibrocartilage complex injury 7."
"Conservative treatment strategies include activity modification, temporary immobilisation, splinting, physical therapy, motion and strengthening and agility exercises as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs."