"pattern of joint/bursa involvement during symptomatic episode(s) ever:"
"characteristics of symptomatic episode(s) ever:"
"time course of episode(s) ever:"
"T1: isointense"
"T1 C+ (Gd): tophus often enhances"
"The American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) have outlined the classification criteria for gout in 2015 21:"
"The American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) have outlined the classification criteria for gout in 2015 21:"
Expected headings
"Joints and bones"
"Soft tissues"
"Typically occurs in those above 40 years. There is a strong male predilection of 20:1, with this predilection more pronounced in younger and middle-aged adults. In the elderly, the gender distribution is more equal 13."
"There are five recognised stages of gout:"
"The primary risk factor is hyperuricaemia, although only a small proportion of patients with hyperuricaemia develop gout, often taking 20 to 30 years to develop. There are two mechanisms by which hyperuricaemia can develop:"
"The sensitivity of x-rays for detecting gout is only ~30% 22. Characteristic radiologic changes occur in the chronic stage, though not all patients progress to this. There is a predilection for the small joints of the hands and feet."
"drugs (e.g. furosemide, thiazide diuretics, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, aspirin)"
"Acutely, gout can be managed with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. naproxen), colchicine, prednisolone, or cytokine blocking agents (e.g. IL-1 blockers such as anakinra or canakinumab) if refractory disease 12. In the long-term, xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g. allopurinol or febuxostat), uricosuric drugs (e.g. probenecid), or uricase agents (e.g. pegloticase) may be used to reduce urate levels and prevent further acute flares 12. Tophaceous gout can also be managed with surgical excision of symptomatic lesions 12."