Radiopaedia Helpers

coronary-artery-disease-reporting-and-data-system-3

Headings Spacing

error

"CAD-RADS 0 "

Line 20:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

"CAD-RADS 0 "

Line 115:1 · Never put spaces at either end of headings.

Strong List Colon Position

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" 4a: 70-99% severe coronary stenosis"

Line 81:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4a: 70'

" 4a: consider invasive coronary angiography or functional assessment"

Line 88:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4a: consider'

" 4b: invasive coronary angiography (recommended)"

Line 89:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4b: invasive'

" 4a: 70-99% severe coronary stenosis"

Line 177:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4a: 70'

" 4b: left main >50% stenosis or three-vessel obstructive disease with ≥70% stenosis"

Line 178:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4b: left'

" 4a: consider invasive coronary angiography or functional assessment"

Line 185:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4a: consider'

" 4b: invasive coronary angiography (recommended)"

Line 186:8 · When enboldening an intro, the colon should not be bold. ' 4b: invasive'

Acronyms

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"The system was created by a collaboration of the Society for Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), the American College of Radiology (ACR), and the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI) and was also endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC). The CAD-RADS system was initially published in 2016 ¹. The system was then updated to CAD-RADS 2.0 in 2022 and is an expert document intended to serve as a practice guideline ². This version incorporates several methods for the categorisation, including descriptors of overall coronary plaque burden and options to include CT fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) or myocardial CT perfusion results for the assessment of lesion-specific ischaemia if obtained ². It also now includes the description of non-atherosclerotic coronary abnormalities as a separate modifier “E” for exception ²."

Line 3:215 · 'NASCI' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"modifier HRP: high-risk plaque (updated from V = vulnerable)"

Line 234:17 · 'HRP' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"ACC/AHA classification of coronary lesions"

Line 288:15 · 'AHA' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"RADS (Reporting and Data Systems)"

Line 290:11 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Strong

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"maximal stenosis: 0% - no coronary luminal stenosis and no plaque"

Line 23:8 · Generally, don't use bold in text: 'maximal stenosis: 0% - no coronary luminal stenosis and no plaque'

Headings Case

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"CAD-RADS N"

Line 108:5 · 'CAD-RADS N' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"CAD-RADS N"

Line 206:5 · 'CAD-RADS N' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"Non-diagnostic (N)"

Line 241:5 · 'Non-diagnostic (N)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"Ischaemia (I)"

Line 251:5 · 'Ischaemia (I)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"Stent (S)"

Line 258:5 · 'Stent (S)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"Graft (G)"

Line 260:5 · 'Graft (G)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

"Exceptions (E)"

Line 262:5 · 'Exceptions (E)' should use sentence-style capitalization.

List Caps

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"Tn+: consider other causes of increased troponin"

Line 123:8 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Tn+: consider other causes of increased troponin"

Line 136:8 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Colons

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"CAC-DRS: Coronary Artery Calcium Data and Reporting System"

Line 289:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Coronary Artery'.

Headings Valid

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Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"CAD-RADS categories"

Line 18:1 · "CAD-RADS categories" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Stable chest pain"

Line 19:1 · "Stable chest pain" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 0 "

Line 20:1 · "CAD-RADS 0 " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 1"

Line 32:1 · "CAD-RADS 1" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 2"

Line 47:1 · "CAD-RADS 2" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 3"

Line 61:1 · "CAD-RADS 3" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 4"

Line 75:1 · "CAD-RADS 4" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 5"

Line 95:1 · "CAD-RADS 5" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS N"

Line 108:1 · "CAD-RADS N" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Acute chest pain"

Line 114:1 · "Acute chest pain" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 0 "

Line 115:1 · "CAD-RADS 0 " is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 1"

Line 128:1 · "CAD-RADS 1" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 2"

Line 142:1 · "CAD-RADS 2" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 3"

Line 156:1 · "CAD-RADS 3" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 4"

Line 171:1 · "CAD-RADS 4" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS 5"

Line 192:1 · "CAD-RADS 5" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"CAD-RADS N"

Line 206:1 · "CAD-RADS N" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Plaque burden"

Line 212:1 · "Plaque burden" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Modifiers"

Line 230:1 · "Modifiers" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Non-diagnostic (N)"

Line 241:1 · "Non-diagnostic (N)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"High-risk plaque (HRP)"

Line 243:1 · "High-risk plaque (HRP)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Ischaemia (I)"

Line 251:1 · "Ischaemia (I)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Stent (S)"

Line 258:1 · "Stent (S)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Graft (G)"

Line 260:1 · "Graft (G)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Exceptions (E)"

Line 262:1 · "Exceptions (E)" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"Examples"

Line 273:1 · "Examples" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

"External links"

Line 284:1 · "External links" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Biographical Lifespan

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"History and etymology"

Line 2:1 · A bold element in the History and etymology section should be a person; it would be useful to have their lifespan details: '<h4>History and etymology</h4> The system was created by a collaboration of the Society for Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (SCCT), the <a>American College of Radiology (ACR)</a>, and the North American Society for Cardiovascular Imaging (NASCI) and was also endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC). The CAD-RADS system was initially published in 2016 1. The system was then updated to CAD-RADS 2.0 in 2022 and is an expert document intended to serve as a practice guideline 2. This version incorporates several methods for the categorisation, including descriptors of overall coronary plaque burden and options to include CT fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) or myocardial CT perfusion results for the assessment of lesion-specific ischaemia if obtained 2. It also now includes the description of non-atherosclerotic coronary abnormalities as a separate modifier “E” for exception 2. <h4>Usage</h4> The usage of the CAD-RADS 2.0 system includes the following 2: <ul> <li>application on a per-patient basis in two different clinical settings</li> <li>description of the most clinically relevant and usually most severe coronary artery luminal stenosis (applies for vessels ≥1.5 mm in diameter)</li> <li>different methods for the estimation, quantification and description of the overall plaque burden</li> <li>option to include lesion-specific CT-based <a>myocardial ischaemia</a> testing results obtained by CT-FFR or CT perfusion</li> <li>guide to patient management based on the above findings</li> </ul> The different clinical settings in which CAD-RADS is used include 1-3: <ul> <li>patients presenting with stable chest pain</li> <li>patients presenting with acute chest pain</li> </ul> <h4>CAD-RADS categories</h4> <h5>Stable chest pain</h5> <h6>CAD-RADS 0 </h6> <ul> <li>interpretation: absence of <a>coronary artery disease</a></li> <li>maximal stenosis: 0% - no coronary luminal stenosis and no plaque</li> <li> management recommendations: <ul> <li>no further cardiac investigation</li> <li>reassurance; consider nonatherosclerotic causes of chest pain </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h6>CAD-RADS 1</h6> <ul> <li>interpretation: minimal nonobstructive coronary artery disease</li> <li>maximal stenosis: 1-24% - minimal stenosis or plaque with no stenosis (includes positive remodelling)</li> <li> management recommendations: <ul> <li>no further cardiac investigation</li> <li>consider nonatherosclerotic causes of chest pain </li> <li>P1: consider preventive therapy and risk factor modification </li> <li>P2: preventive therapy and risk factor modification</li> <li>P3 or P4: aggressive preventive therapy and risk factor modification</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h6>CAD-RADS 2</h6> <ul> <li>interpretation: mild nonobstructive coronary artery disease</li> <li>maximal stenosis: 25-49% - mild stenosis</li> <li> management recommendations: <ul> <li>no further cardiac investigation</li> <li>consider nonatherosclerotic causes of chest pain </li> <li>P1 or P2: preventive therapy and risk factor modification </li> <li>P3 or P4: aggressive preventive therapy and risk factor modification</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h6>CAD-RADS 3</h6> <ul> <li>interpretation: moderate stenosis</li> <li>maximal stenosis: 50-69% - moderate stenosis</li> <li> management recommendations: <ul> <li>consider functional assessment</li> <li>P1-P4: aggressive preventive therapy and risk factor modification</li> <li>consider other treatments, including anti-anginal therapy as per guidelines</li> <li>I+: consider invasive coronary angiography, in particular in the setting of persistent symptoms despite optimal medical therapy</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h6>CAD-RADS 4</h6> <ul> <li>interpretation: severe stenosis</li> <li> maximal stenosis: <ul> <li> 4a: '

Parentheses

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Line 3:100 · Use parentheses judiciously. There are at least 3 sets in this paragraph.

"severe amount of plaque, presence of patent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and expected occluded proximal LAD, mild non-obstructive stenosis in the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex artery (LCx): CAD-RADS 2/P3/G"

Line 279:88 · Use parentheses judiciously. There are at least 3 sets in this paragraph.

Oxford Comma

suggestion

"different methods for the estimation, quantification and description of the overall plaque burden"

Line 9:34 · Use the Oxford comma in 'estimation, quantification and description'.

Semicolons

suggestion

"reassurance; consider nonatherosclerotic causes of chest pain"

Line 28:19 · Use semicolons judiciously.

"The modifier “S” marks the presence of a coronary stent; coronary in-stent restenosis and stent occlusion are classified like the native coronary arteries."

Line 259:66 · Use semicolons judiciously.

Links

cardiac-ct-1