Radiopaedia Helpers

reporting-and-data-systems-disambiguation

Citation Punctuation Sup

error

"Other RADS stated in 2022 as being "in development" or "consideration" ^17,which are not listed on their website in 2025 ²⁷:"

Line 48:75 · Punctuation after citations should never be superscripted. '<sup>17, </sup>'

Acronyms

warning

"There has been a proliferation of Reporting and Data Systems (RADS), which have been proposed - and in many cases widely adopted - as standardised systems for the reporting of imaging of various body organs, often, but certainly not always, with a focus on oncological disease ². These systems also help departments introduce structured reporting ⁴. Concern has been expressed about the multitude of RADS ²⁶."

Line 1:91 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 1:467 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Although many RADS have been developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR), most notably BI-RADS, others, for example, COVID-RADS, were developed by other groups ^2,17."

Line 2:18 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Although many RADS have been developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR), most notably BI-RADS, others, for example, COVID-RADS, were developed by other groups ^2,17."

Line 2:107 · 'BI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AI-RADS: Artificial Intelligence Reporting and Data System ³¹"

Line 4:8 · 'AI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AI TI-RADS: Artificial Intelligence Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹⁵"

Line 5:11 · 'AI' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"AI TI-RADS: Artificial Intelligence Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹⁵"

Line 5:14 · 'TI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"BI-RADS: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 6:11 · 'BI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Bone-RADS: Solitary Bone Reporting and Data System ¹⁹"

Line 7:16 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"BT-RADS: Brain Tumour Reporting and Data System ¹⁸"

Line 8:11 · 'BT-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"BTI-RADS: Bone Tumour imaging reporting and data system ²²"

Line 9:11 · 'BTI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"GI-RADS: Gynaecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹¹"

Line 14:11 · 'GI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Lung-RADS: Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System ^2,14"

Line 17:16 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"NI-RADS: Neck Imaging-Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 20:11 · 'NI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Node-RADS: Node Reporting and Data System ^24,25"

Line 21:13 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"NS-RADS: Neuropathy Score Reporting and Data System ²⁰"

Line 22:11 · 'NS-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"O-RADS: Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System ^10,11"

Line 24:7 · 'O-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"incorporating O-RADS US and O-RADS MRI"

Line 25:29 · 'O-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"incorporating O-RADS US and O-RADS MRI"

Line 25:36 · 'US' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"incorporating O-RADS US and O-RADS MRI"

Line 25:50 · 'O-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"ONCO-RADS: Oncologically Relevant Findings Reporting and Data System ³⁰"

Line 27:11 · 'ONCO-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"OT-RADS: Osseous Tumour Reporting and Data System"

Line 28:11 · 'OT-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"PE-RADS: Pulmonary Embolism Reporting and Data System ³²"

Line 29:11 · 'PE-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 30:11 · 'PI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Plaque-RADS: Carotid Plaque Reporting and Data System ²⁹"

Line 31:18 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"RI-RADS: Reason for exam Imaging Reporting and Data System ⁹"

Line 32:11 · 'RI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"TI-RADS: Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 33:11 · 'TI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Several RADS are listed in 2025 as being "in-progress" by the American College of Radiology ²⁷. Previously (2022), the term "in development" was used ¹⁷."

Line 38:12 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Soft Tissue-RADS: Soft Tissue Lesions Reporting and Data System"

Line 40:23 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Brain Tumour-RADS: Brain Tumour Reporting and Data System"

Line 41:24 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"TBI-RADS: Traumatic Brain Injury Reporting and Data System"

Line 42:11 · 'TBI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"PE-RADS: Pulmonary Embolism Reporting and Data System"

Line 43:11 · 'PE-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"KI-RADS: Kidney Masses Reporting and Data System"

Line 45:11 · 'KI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"A standardised system for the reporting of head injury cases is being developed by the American College of Radiology. Specific details of the proposed HI-RADS: Head Injury Imaging Reporting and Data System have not been published as yet. A system provisionally named the Traumatic Brain Imaging Reporting and Data System (TBI-RADS) has also been discussed. It is likely that HI-RADS and TBI-RADS are synonymous, as the same organisations are involved in both ⁸."

Line 47:162 · 'HI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 47:333 · 'TBI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 47:386 · 'HI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 47:398 · 'TBI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Other RADS stated in 2022 as being "in development" or "consideration" ^17,which are not listed on their website in 2025 ²⁷:"

Line 48:10 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"NCAD-RADS: Nuclear Cardiology Reporting and Data System ²¹"

Line 53:8 · 'NCAD-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Stroke-RADS: Stroke Reporting and Data System ¹⁷"

Line 54:15 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Several RADS were under active consideration by the American College of Radiology in 2022 ¹⁷. No RADS are listed as being under consideration currently (2025) ²⁷."

Line 56:12 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"Several RADS were under active consideration by the American College of Radiology in 2022 ¹⁷. No RADS are listed as being under consideration currently (2025) ²⁷."

Line 56:119 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"The American College of Radiology invite interested parties to submit proposals for RADS through their website ²⁷."

Line 57:88 · 'RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

"In 1993, the American College of Radiology proposed the BI-RADS: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, a standardised lexicon for the reporting of mammography, which was developed on the back of the established 5-tier ACR system. The aim of BI-RADS was to improve distinction between benign and malignant disease, to remove ambiguity from radiology reports, permit automated auditing of data and improve clinical discourse with the referrers ¹."

Line 59:60 · 'BI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Line 59:256 · 'BI-RADS' has no definition. Spell it out if it's unfamiliar to the audience.

Colons

warning

"AI-RADS: Artificial Intelligence Reporting and Data System ³¹"

Line 4:15 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Artificial Intelligence'.

"AI TI-RADS: Artificial Intelligence Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹⁵"

Line 5:21 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Artificial Intelligence'.

"BI-RADS: Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 6:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Breast Imaging'.

"Bone-RADS: Solitary Bone Reporting and Data System ¹⁹"

Line 7:20 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Solitary Bone'.

"BT-RADS: Brain Tumour Reporting and Data System ¹⁸"

Line 8:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Brain Tumour'.

"BTI-RADS: Bone Tumour imaging reporting and data system ²²"

Line 9:19 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Bone Tumour'.

"CAD-RADS: Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 11:19 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Coronary Artery'.

"GI-RADS: Gynaecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹¹"

Line 14:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Gynaecologic Imaging'.

"LI-RADS: Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 15:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Liver Imaging'.

"LU-RADS: Lung Reporting and Data System ^13,14"

Line 16:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Lung Reporting'.

"Lung-RADS: Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System ^2,14"

Line 17:20 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Lung Imaging'.

"MET-RADS: Metastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer ⁷"

Line 18:19 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Metastasis Reporting'.

"MY-RADS: Myeloma Response-Assessment and Diagnosis System ⁶"

Line 19:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Myeloma Response-Assessment'.

"NI-RADS: Neck Imaging-Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 20:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Neck Imaging-Reporting'.

"Node-RADS: Node Reporting and Data System ^24,25"

Line 21:17 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Node Reporting'.

"NS-RADS: Neuropathy Score Reporting and Data System ²⁰"

Line 22:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Neuropathy Score'.

"O-RADS: Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System ^10,11"

Line 24:13 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting'.

"ONCO-RADS: Oncologically Relevant Findings Reporting and Data System ³⁰"

Line 27:20 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Oncologically Relevant'.

"OT-RADS: Osseous Tumour Reporting and Data System"

Line 28:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Osseous Tumour'.

"PE-RADS: Pulmonary Embolism Reporting and Data System ³²"

Line 29:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Pulmonary Embolism'.

"PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 30:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Prostate Imaging'.

"Plaque-RADS: Carotid Plaque Reporting and Data System ²⁹"

Line 31:22 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Carotid Plaque'.

"RI-RADS: Reason for exam Imaging Reporting and Data System ⁹"

Line 32:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Reason for'.

"TI-RADS: Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System ²"

Line 33:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Thyroid Imaging'.

"VI-RADS: Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System ¹²"

Line 34:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Vesical Imaging'.

"In addition, there is a coronary artery calcification scoring system, which strangely has been called the CAC-DRS: Coronary Artery Calcium Data and Reporting System, and not CAC-RADS: Coronary Artery Calcium Reporting and Data System."

Line 36:120 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Coronary Artery'.

Line 36:193 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Coronary Artery'.

"Soft Tissue-RADS: Soft Tissue Lesions Reporting and Data System"

Line 40:27 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Soft Tissue'.

"Brain Tumour-RADS: Brain Tumour Reporting and Data System"

Line 41:28 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Brain Tumour'.

"TBI-RADS: Traumatic Brain Injury Reporting and Data System"

Line 42:19 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Traumatic Brain'.

"PE-RADS: Pulmonary Embolism Reporting and Data System"

Line 43:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Pulmonary Embolism'.

"VI-RADS: Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System"

Line 44:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Vesical Imaging'.

"KI-RADS: Kidney Masses Reporting and Data System"

Line 45:18 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Kidney Masses'.

Line 47:169 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Head Injury'.

"MI-RADS: Molecular Imaging Reporting and Data System ²⁸"

Line 50:15 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Molecular Imaging'.

"NCAD-RADS: Nuclear Cardiology Reporting and Data System ²¹"

Line 53:17 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Nuclear Cardiology'.

"Stroke-RADS: Stroke Reporting and Data System ¹⁷"

Line 54:19 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Stroke Reporting'.

Line 59:67 · The first word after a colon should almost always be lowercase. In this case, it's not: ': Breast Imaging'.

List Caps

warning

"Bone-RADS: Solitary Bone Reporting and Data System ¹⁹"

Line 7:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Lung-RADS: Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System ^2,14"

Line 17:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Node-RADS: Node Reporting and Data System ^24,25"

Line 21:8 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"O-RADS: Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System ^10,11"

Line 24:7 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Plaque-RADS: Carotid Plaque Reporting and Data System ²⁹"

Line 31:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Soft Tissue-RADS: Soft Tissue Lesions Reporting and Data System"

Line 40:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Brain Tumour-RADS: Brain Tumour Reporting and Data System"

Line 41:11 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

"Stroke-RADS: Stroke Reporting and Data System ¹⁷"

Line 54:8 · In general, we don't start a list item with a capital letter. Exceptions are proper nouns.

Headings Valid

warning

Expected headings

H1 Terminology
H1 Usage
H1 Epidemiology
H2 Risk factors
H2 Associations
H1 Clinical presentation
H2 Complications
H1 Diagnosis
H2 Diagnostic criteria
H2 Diagnostic clues
H1 Pathology
H2 Aetiology
H2 Location
H2 Classification
H2 Macroscopic appearance
H2 Microscopic appearance
H2 Immunophenotype
H2 Markers
H2 Genetics
H1 Radiographic features
H2 Plain radiograph
H2 Mammography
H2 Antenatal ultrasound
H2 Transoesophageal echocardiography
H2 Ultrasound
H2 CT
H3 Dual-energy CT
H2 Angiography (DSA)
H2 MRI
H2 CT/MRI
H2 Nuclear medicine
H3 PET-CT
H3 PET-MRI
H1 Radiology report
H1 Treatment and prognosis
H2 Complications
H1 History and etymology
H1 Differential diagnosis
H2 Clinical differential diagnosis
H1 Practical points
H1 See also

"In-progress"

Line 37:1 · "In-progress" is not a recognised heading for this article type.

Commas

suggestion

"Although many RADS have been developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR), most notably BI-RADS, others, for example, COVID-RADS, were developed by other groups ^2,17."

Line 2:92 · More than 5 commas in a single sentence might make it more difficult to read.

Recency

suggestion

"Several RADS were under active consideration by the American College of Radiology in 2022 ¹⁷. No RADS are listed as being under consideration currently (2025) ²⁷."

Line 56:164 · Avoid describing evidence as recent; give a date instead: 'currently'.

Links

structured-reporting