"Cardiology literature1 promotes an approach by which one must follow two divergent paths of enquiry based on the classification of the left ventricular ejection fraction as reduced (LVEF"
"if E < 50 cm/s with an E/A ratio"
"if E/A > 2 with a deceleration time < 150 ms, the left atrial pressure is elevated"
"if E/A > 2 with a deceleration time < 150 ms, the left atrial pressure is elevated"
"an E / e ′ < 8 corresponds to a normal left atrial pressure"
"an E / e ′ > 15 corresponds to an elevated left atrial pressure"
"in patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function (LVEF > 40%), one forgoes analysis of the mitral inflow parameters in isolation, and begins with the calculation of the E/e' ratio"
"E/e' < 9 indicates a normal left atrial pressure"
"E/e' > 14 indicates a normal left atrial pressure"
"The "E wave" represents early diastolic filling, and is determined by the pressure gradient between the left atrium and ventricle when the mitral valve opens. The e' velocity is used as a measure of the lusitropic properties of the ventricle. As two important factors actuating left ventricular diastolic filling, the ratio derived from these variables provides a conceptual, rough estimate of filling pressure. An E/e' > 14 and/or an e' < 8 indicates the presence of diastolic dysfunction, and may be integrated into haemodynamic findings to:"
"The "E wave" represents early diastolic filling, and is determined by the pressure gradient between the left atrium and ventricle when the mitral valve opens. The e' velocity is used as a measure of the lusitropic properties of the ventricle. As two important factors actuating left ventricular diastolic filling, the ratio derived from these variables provides a conceptual, rough estimate of filling pressure. An E/e' > 14 and/or an e' < 8 indicates the presence of diastolic dysfunction, and may be integrated into haemodynamic findings to:"
"Measurement of the peak velocities of the "E wave" and the "e' wave" are recorded and used to derive a third variable, the "E/e' ratio.""
"for those patients with an EF"
"E wave velocity"
"E wave deceleration time"
"A wave velocity"
"E/A ratio"
"E/e' < 9 indicates a normal left atrial pressure"
"E/e' > 14 indicates a normal left atrial pressure"
Expected headings
"Technique"
"Interpretation"
"After basic goal-directed transthoracic echocardiography, one may note supportive evidence of occult diastolic dysfunction; these findings include:"