"Gastric cancer is rare before the age of 40, but its incidence steadily climbs after that, with a median age at diagnosis in United States cohorts of approximately 68–72 years, and the male to female ratio is typically closer to 1.5–2:1 depending on region 17."
"Gastric cancer is rare before the age of 40, but its incidence steadily climbs after that, with a median age at diagnosis in United States cohorts of approximately 68–72 years, and the male to female ratio is typically closer to 1.5–2:1 depending on region 17."
"FDG PET/CT"
"Peritoneal metastases (gastric carcinomatosis) can occur especially in advanced stage gastric cancer and is frequently considered to be an incurable disease 12-13."
"Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic subtype of gastric cancer and is often referred to simply as gastric cancer in clinical practice, which refers to a primary malignancy arising from the gastric epithelium. It is the most common gastric malignancy, and the third most common GI malignancy following colon and pancreatic carcinoma, but rankings can vary by region and sex 17."
"Virchow’s node: metastatic supraclavicular lymph node 16"
"Irish node: metastatic left axillary lymph node 16"
"Krukenberg tumour"
"Helicobacter pylori infection is the strongest known risk factor and is estimated to account for roughly half of all gastric cancers worldwide 11,17. A high salt intake, smoked and preserved foods, low fruit/vegetable intake, contaminated drinking water, and a low vitamin A and C diet also increase the risk of gastric cancer 17. High body mass index (BMI), high-calorie foods, and gastro-oesophageal reflux are associated with an increased risk of distal oesophageal, gastric cardia and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma 11,17."
Expected headings
"Risk factors"
"Fluoroscopy"
"FDG PET/CT"
"Complications"
"Adenocarcinoma is by far the most common gastric malignancy, representing about 80-90% of malignant tumours of the stomach 17. The Lauren classification, including intestinal, diffuse, and mixed subtypes, is widely used, whereas the WHO classification provides more detailed histologic categories 11,15,17."
"Helicobacter pylori infection is the strongest known risk factor and is estimated to account for roughly half of all gastric cancers worldwide 11,17. A high salt intake, smoked and preserved foods, low fruit/vegetable intake, contaminated drinking water, and a low vitamin A and C diet also increase the risk of gastric cancer 17. High body mass index (BMI), high-calorie foods, and gastro-oesophageal reflux are associated with an increased risk of distal oesophageal, gastric cardia and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma 11,17."
"Transabdominal ultrasound has a limited role in primary tumour detection but may identify large masses or metastatic disease; endoscopic ultrasonography, however, is valuable for local T and N staging in selected patients 11,17."
"It is an aggressive tumour, and prognosis is strongly stage-dependent; early gastric cancers have substantially better outcomes. Therefore, accurate staging of gastric cancer is essential because surgical resection is the treatment for localised disease 1."
"primary gastric lymphoma; often a bulkier mass, less obstruction, preserved pliability, and more extensive nodal disease"