"The lower oesophageal sphincter is a physiological sphincter reliant on tonic smooth muscle contraction, with a resting pressure 15–30 mmHg above intragastric pressure. This is reinforced by the acute angle at the GOJ, (angle of His), and diaphragmatic contraction; the crural diaphragm contracts during inspiration and straining acting as an extrinsic sphincter. The sphincter straddles the oesophageal hiatus, with a 2 cm segment exposed to intrabdominal pressure, which augments closure 7."
"Barrett oesophagus - intestinal metaplasia, (with goblet cells), of the distal oesophagus"
Expected headings
"Physiology"
"Practical points"
"The lower oesophageal sphincter is a physiological sphincter reliant on tonic smooth muscle contraction, with a resting pressure 15–30 mmHg above intragastric pressure. This is reinforced by the acute angle at the GOJ, (angle of His), and diaphragmatic contraction; the crural diaphragm contracts during inspiration and straining acting as an extrinsic sphincter. The sphincter straddles the oesophageal hiatus, with a 2 cm segment exposed to intrabdominal pressure, which augments closure 7."
"gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD); TLOSRs play a major role"